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Parlement
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====The Fronde==== The Parlement of Paris played a major role in stimulating the nobility to resist the expansion of royal power by military force during the [[Fronde]], 1648β1649. In the end, King [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] won out and the nobility was humiliated.<ref>A. Lloyd Moote. ''The Revolt of the Judges: the Parliament of Paris and the Fronde, 1643β1652'' ([[Princeton University Press]], 1971)</ref> [[Image:Rennes - Parlement de Bretagne.jpg|thumb|The palace of the [[Parlement of Rennes|Parlement of Brittany]] in Rennes]] The parlements' ability to withhold their assent by formulating remonstrances against the king's edicts forced the king to react, sometimes resulting in repeated resistance by the parlements, which the king could only terminate in his favour by issuing a ''lettre de jussion'', and, in case of continued resistance, appearing in person in the parlement: the ''[[lit de justice]]''. In such a case, the parlement's powers were suspended for the duration of this royal session. [[Louis XIV of France|King Louis XIV]] moved to centralize authority into his own hands, imposing certain restrictions on the parlements: in 1665, he ordained that a ''lit de justice'' could be held without the king having to appear in person; in 1667, he limited the number of remonstrances to only one. In 1671β1673, however, the parlements resisted the taxes needed to fund the [[Franco-Dutch War]]. In 1673, the king imposed additional restrictions that stripped the parlements of any influence upon new laws by ordaining that remonstrances could only be issued after registration of the edicts. After Louis' death in 1715, all the restrictions were discontinued by the regent, although some of the judges of the Parlement of Paris accepted royal bribes to restrain that body until the 1750s.<ref>John J. Hurt, ''Louis XIV and the parlements: The Assertion of Royal Authority'' (2002) pp 195β96</ref>
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