Editing Pentose phosphate pathway (section)

===Regulation===

[[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase]] is the rate-controlling enzyme of this pathway{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}. It is [[allosteric]]ally stimulated by NADP<sup>+</sup> and strongly inhibited by [[NADPH]].<ref>{{cite book |author1=Voet Donald |author1-link=Donald Voet |author2=Voet Judith G |author-link2=Judith G. Voet |page=894 |date=2011 |title=Biochemistry |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |edition=4th |isbn=978-0-470-57095-1}}</ref> The ratio of NADPH:NADP<sup>+</sup> is the primary mode of regulation for the enzyme and is normally about 100:1 in liver cytosol{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}}. This makes the cytosol a highly-reducing environment. An NADPH-utilizing pathway forms NADP<sup>+</sup>, which stimulates [[Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase]] to produce more NADPH.  This step is also inhibited by [[acetyl CoA]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2014}}

[[G6PD]] activity is also post-translationally regulated by cytoplasmic deacetylase [[SIRT2]]. SIRT2-mediated deacetylation and activation of G6PD stimulates oxidative branch of PPP to supply cytosolic [[NADPH]] to counteract [[oxidative damage]] or support [[lipogenesis|''de novo'' lipogenesis]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Regulation of G6PD acetylation by SIRT2 and KAT9 modulates NADPH homeostasis and cell survival during oxidative stress|vauthors=Wang YP, Zhou LS, Zhao YZ, Wang SW, Chen LL, Liu LX, Ling ZQ, Hu FJ, Sun YP, Zhang JY, Yang C, Yang Y, Xiong Y, Guan KL, Ye D |date = June 2014|journal = EMBO Journal|doi = 10.1002/embj.201387224|pmid = 24769394|volume=33|issue=12 |pages=1304–20|pmc=4194121}}</ref><ref name="Xu_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Xu SN, Wang TS, Li X, Wang YP | title = SIRT2 activates G6PD to enhance NADPH production and promote leukaemia cell proliferation | journal = Sci Rep | volume = 6 | pages = 32734| date = Sep 2016 | pmid = 27586085  | doi = 10.1038/srep32734 | pmc=5009355| bibcode = 2016NatSR...632734X }}</ref>