Editing Plant-based diet (section)

=== Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> ===
Plant-based foods are not a reliable source of [[Vitamin B12|vitamin B<sub>12</sub>]] by default. A lack of B<sub>12</sub> is associated with a range of conditions and it is essential for human health.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Niklewicz |first1=Ali |last2=Smith |first2=A. David |last3=Smith |first3=Alison |last4=Holzer |first4=Andre |last5=Klein |first5=Andrew |last6=McCaddon |first6=Andrew |last7=Molloy |first7=Anne M. |last8=Wolffenbuttel |first8=Bruce H. R. |last9=Nexo |first9=Ebba |last10=McNulty |first10=Helene |last11=Refsum |first11=Helga |last12=Gueant |first12=Jean-Louis |last13=Dib |first13=Marie-Joe |last14=Ward |first14=Mary |last15=Murphy |first15=Michelle |date=April 2023 |title=The importance of vitamin B12 for individuals choosing plant-based diets |journal=European Journal of Nutrition |volume=62 |issue=3 |pages=1551–1559 |doi=10.1007/s00394-022-03025-4 |issn=1436-6215 |pmid=36469110|pmc=10030528 }}</ref> Those eating a fully plant-based diet should ensure adequate B<sub>12</sub> intake via supplementation or consumption of fortified foods,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Melina |first1=Vesanto |last2=Craig |first2=Winston |last3=Levin |first3=Susan |date=December 2016 |title=Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: Vegetarian Diets |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27886704/ |journal=Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics |volume=116 |issue=12 |pages=1970–1980 |doi=10.1016/j.jand.2016.09.025 |issn=2212-2672 |pmid=27886704}}</ref> such as fortified plant milks or yogurts, nutritional yeast, or fortified cereals.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vitamin B12 |url=https://www.vegansociety.com/resources/nutrition-and-health/nutrients/vitamin-b12 |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=The Vegan Society |language=en}}</ref>

Even those eating a plant-based diet including a small amount of animal products are at an increased risk of a lower than recommended B<sub>12</sub> intake<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bruns |first1=Anja |last2=Nebl |first2=Josefine |last3=Jonas |first3=Wiebke |last4=Hahn |first4=Andreas |last5=Schuchardt |first5=Jan Philipp |date=2023-11-28 |title=Nutritional status of flexitarians compared to vegans and omnivores - a cross-sectional pilot study |journal=BMC Nutrition |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=140 |doi=10.1186/s40795-023-00799-6 |doi-access=free |issn=2055-0928 |pmc=10685640 |pmid=38017527}}</ref> without supplementation or regular consumption of fortified foods.