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Polish language
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===Vowels=== Polish has six oral vowels (seven oral vowels in written form), which are all [[monophthong]]s, and two [[nasal vowel]]s. The oral vowels are {{IPAl-pl|i}} (spelled {{Lang|pl|i}}), {{IPAl-pl|y}} (spelled {{Lang|pl|y}} and also transcribed as /ɘ/ or /ɪ/), {{IPAl-pl|e}} (spelled {{Lang|pl|e}}), {{IPAl-pl|a}} (spelled {{Lang|pl|a}}), {{IPAl-pl|o}} (spelled {{Lang|pl|o}}) and {{IPAl-pl|u}} (spelled {{Lang|pl|u}} and {{Lang|pl|[[ó]]}} as separate letters). The nasal vowels are /[[Open-mid front unrounded vowel|ɛ]][[Nasal labial–velar approximant|w̃]]/ (spelled {{Lang|pl|[[ę]]}}) and /[[Open-mid back rounded vowel|ɔ]][[Nasal labial–velar approximant|w̃]]/ (spelled {{Lang|pl|[[ą]]}}). Unlike Czech or Slovak, Polish does not retain phonemic vowel length — the letter {{Lang|pl|ó}}, which formerly represented lengthened /ɔː/ in older forms of the language, is now vestigial and instead corresponds to /u/. [[File:Polish vowel chart (with allophones).svg|thumb|right|Polish oral vowels depicted on a vowel chart. Main [[allophones]] (in black) are in broad transcription, whereas positional allophones (in red and green) are in narrow transcription. Allophones with red dots appear in palatal contexts. The central vowel {{IPAblink|ɐ}} is an unstressed allophone of {{IPA|/ɛ, ɔ, a/}} in certain contexts]] {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" ! ! [[Front vowel|Front]] ! [[Central vowel|Central]] ! [[Back vowel|Back]] |- ! [[Close vowel|Close]] | {{IPA link|i}} | {{IPA link|ɘ|ɨ}} | {{IPA link|u}} |- ! [[Mid vowel|Mid]] | {{IPA link|ɛ}} | | {{IPA link|ɔ}} |- ! [[Open vowel|Open]] | | {{IPA link|ä|a}} | |}
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