Editing Pro-drop language (section)

=== Japanese ===

Consider the following examples from Japanese:<ref name=":5" />

{{fs interlinear|lang=ja|indent=3
|この ケーキ は 美味しい。 誰 が 焼いた の？
|Kono kēki wa oishii. Dare ga yaita no?
|This cake TOP tasty-PRS Who SUBJ bake-PAST Q
|This cake is tasty. Who baked ('''it''')?}}

{{fs interlinear|lang=ja|indent=3
|知らない。 気に入った？
|Shiranai. {Ki ni itta?}
|know-NEG. like-PAST
|('''I''') don't know. Did ('''you''') like ('''it''')?}}

The words in parentheses and '''bold'''face in the English translations (''it'' in the first line; ''I'', ''you'', and ''it'' in the second) appear nowhere in the Japanese sentences but are understood from context. If nouns or pronouns were supplied, the resulting sentences would be grammatically correct but sound unnatural. Learners of Japanese as a second language, especially those whose first language is non-pro-drop like English or French, often supply personal pronouns where they are pragmatically inferable, an example of [[language transfer]].