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Probable cause
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==Cyber surveillance== Under the 2001 [[USA Patriot Act]], law enforcement officials did not need probable cause to access communications records, credit cards, bank numbers and stored emails held by third parties. They only need reasonable suspicion that the information they were accessing was part of criminal activities. Under this, officers were authorized for a court order to access the communication information. Only certain information could be accessed under this act (such as names, addresses, and phone numbers, etc.). Probable cause was, and is, needed for more detailed information because law enforcement needs a warrant to access additional information. Generally, law enforcement was not required to notify the suspect.<ref>Doyle, Charles. “The USA PATRIOT Act: A Legal Analysis”. (2002). Web. 30 Nov 2014. {{cite web |url=http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31377_20020415.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-12-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141206041849/http://assets.opencrs.com/rpts/RL31377_20020415.pdf |archive-date=2014-12-06 }}</ref> However, the text of the Patriot Act limits the application of that statute to issues that clearly involve the national security of the United States.<ref>See the text of 18 U.S.C. § 2520(a)</ref> The relevant sections of the Act expired on June 1, 2015.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Crocker |first1=Andrew |last2=McKinney |first2=India |title=Yes, Section 215 Expired. Now What? |url=https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/04/yes-section-215-expired-now-what |website=Electronic Frontier Foundation |access-date=14 August 2021 |language=en |date=16 April 2020}}</ref>
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