Editing Pyramidal cell (section)

==Growth and development==

===Differentiation===

Pyramidal specification occurs during early development of the cerebrum. [[Progenitor cells]] are committed to the neuronal lineage in the subcortical proliferative [[ventricular zone]] (VZ) and the [[subventricular zone]] (SVZ). Immature pyramidal cells undergo migration to occupy the [[cortical plate]], where they further diversify. [[Endocannabinoids]] (eCBs) are one class of molecules that have been shown to direct pyramidal cell development and axonal pathfinding.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mulder J, Aguado T, Keimpema E, Barabás K, Ballester Rosado CJ, Nguyen L, Monory K, Marsicano G, Di Marzo V, Hurd YL, Guillemot F, Mackie K, Lutz B, Guzmán M, Lu HC, Galve-Roperh I, Harkany T | display-authors = 6 | title = Endocannabinoid signaling controls pyramidal cell specification and long-range axon patterning | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 105 | issue = 25 | pages = 8760–8765 | date = June 2008 | pmid = 18562289 | pmc = 2438381 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.0803545105 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2008PNAS..105.8760M }}</ref> [[Transcription factors]] such as Ctip2 and Sox5 have been shown to contribute to the direction in which pyramidal neurons direct their axons.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Fishell G, Hanashima C | title = Pyramidal neurons grow up and change their mind | journal = Neuron | volume = 57 | issue = 3 | pages = 333–338 | date = February 2008 | pmid = 18255026 | doi = 10.1016/j.neuron.2008.01.018 | s2cid = 15095100 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

===Early postnatal development===

Pyramidal cells in rats have been shown to undergo many rapid changes during early [[postnatal]] life. Between postnatal days 3 and 21, pyramidal cells have been shown to double the size of the soma, increase the length of the apical dendrite fivefold, and increase basal dendrite length thirteen-fold. Other changes include the lowering of the membrane's [[resting potential]], reduction of membrane resistance, and an increase in the peak values of [[action potential]]s.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zhang ZW | title = Maturation of layer V pyramidal neurons in the rat prefrontal cortex: intrinsic properties and synaptic function | journal = Journal of Neurophysiology | volume = 91 | issue = 3 | pages = 1171–1182 | date = March 2004 | pmid = 14602839 | doi = 10.1152/jn.00855.2003 }}</ref>