Editing Rendang (section)

==== Earliest references in European texts ====
[[File:Vocabularium, ofte Woordenboek, in 't Duytsch en Maleys (IA vocabulariumoft00dancgoog).djvu|page=67|thumb|right|upright=1.4|The Dutch-Malay dictionary from 1650 lists {{lang|ms|rendang}} as the translation for the Dutch word {{lang|nl|fricasseren}}, an archaic Dutch spelling of [[fricassee]].{{refn|group=n|The ''Vocabularium, ofte Woorden-boek, in 't Duytsch en Maleysch'' was first compiled and published by Caspar Wiltens and Sebastiaan Danckaerts in 1623. In 1650, it was significantly expanded in Amsterdam by Justus Heurnius, with contributions from Jan van Hasel and Albert Ruyl. Further revisions were made by Frederik Gueynier in Batavia in 1677, and it was updated again by Petrus van der Vorm in 1708, also in Batavia.<ref name="Pedoman Bahasa dan Sastra Melayu">{{cite book | last = J. J. de Hollander | title = Pedoman Bahasa dan Sastra Melayu | publisher = Balai Pustaka | pages = 332 | year = 1984}}</ref>}}<ref>Wiltens, C., Danckaerts, S., & Heurnius, J. (1650). [https://books.google.com.my/books?id=3GcTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA55#v=onepage&q&f=false Vocabularium, ofte Woorden-Boeck: nae ordre van den Alphabeth in't Duytsch en Maleys]. Ghedruckt door ordre van de E.E. heeren bewinthehebberen der Geoctroyeerde Oost-Indische Compagnie.</ref><ref name="Fadly Rahman Journal"/>]]

Hoogervorst's research, traces the modern term {{lang|ms|rendang}} back to the Malay-Dutch dictionary first compiled in [[Ambon Island|Ambon]] and published by Caspar Wiltens and Sebastiaan Danckaert in 1623,<ref name="Pedoman Bahasa dan Sastra Melayu"/><ref>{{cite book | last1=Wiltens |first1= C. | last2=Danckaerts | first2=S. | year=1623 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZqsnzOpsZ9oC&dq=rindang&pg=PA106 | title=Vocabularium, ofte woort-boeck, naer ordre vanden alphabet in 't Duytsch-Maleysch, ende Maleysch-Duytsch | location=National Library of the Netherlands | publisher=De weduwe, ende erfghenamen van wijlen Hillebrant Jacobssz van Wouw | lang=nl}}</ref> where it was defined as "to fry in butter or oil, to fry, to fricassee".<ref name="Hoogervorst Journal">{{Cite journal | last = G. Hoogervorst | first = Tom | title = Seventeenth-century Malay wordlists and their potential for etymological scholarship | journal = Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia | pages = 567 | year = 2024 | url = https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1782&context=wacana}}</ref> The dictionary was expanded and updated multiple times. According to Fadly Rahman, the author of the dictionary attempted to translate ''rendang'' using a European dish, something that his readers would be familiar with — [[fricassee]], a French cooking method that involves cutting meat into pieces and braising it.<ref name="Fadly Rahman Journal"/>