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Santa Maria sopra Minerva
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==Interior== Among several important works of art in the church are [[Michelangelo]]'s statue ''[[Cristo della Minerva]]'' (1521) and the late 15th-century (1488β93) cycle of frescos in the [[Carafa Chapel]] by [[Filippino Lippi]]. The basilica also houses many funerary monuments including the tombs of [[Doctor of the Church]] Saint [[Catherine of Siena]] (1347-1380), who was a member of the [[Third Order of Saint Dominic]]; the Dominican friar [[Beatification|Blessed]] [[Fra Angelico]] (c. 1395β1455); and ornate monuments to the [[Medici]] popes: [[Leo X]] (born Giovanni de Medici, c. 1475β1521) and [[Clement VII]] (born Giulio de Medici, c. 1478β1534), designed by [[Baccio Bandinelli]].<ref name="metmuseum1">{{cite web | url=http://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/336013 | title=Antonio da Sangallo, the Younger | Design for a Freestanding Tomb Seen in Elevation and Plan }}</ref> ===Carafa Chapel=== {{main|Carafa Chapel}} [[File:Carafa chapel 2010.jpg|thumb|upright|Carafa chapel in 2010]] The [[Carafa Chapel]], with late 15th-century frescoes (1488β1493) by [[Filippino Lippi]], was commissioned by Cardinal [[Oliviero Carafa]] in honour of [[Saint Thomas Aquinas]]. There are two Marian scenes, the ''[[Annunciation]]'' and the ''[[Assumption of Mary|Assumption]]''; over the altar is his St Thomas presenting Cardinal Carafa to the Blessed Virgin, and on the right-hand wall his Glory of St Thomas. It was inaugurated in 1493, and is also known as the Chapel of St [[Thomas Aquinas]]. The relics of St Thomas Aquinas were kept in this chapel until 1511, when they were moved to Naples. Designed by [[Pirro Ligorio]] in 1559, the [[List of extant papal tombs|tomb of Gian Pietro Carafa]], who became [[Pope Paul IV]] in 1555, is also in the chapel. ===Cappella Capranica=== The chapel is also known as the Chapel of the Rosary. The stucco ceiling was made in 1573 by [[Marcello Venusti]]. The chapel contains the tomb of Cardinal [[Domenico Capranica]] by [[Andrea Bregno]]. ===Michelangelo's Cristo della Minerva=== [[File:Michelangelo-Christ the Redeemer adjusted.JPG|thumb|upright|[[Michelangelo]]'s ''[[Cristo della Minerva|Christ the Redeemer]]'' near the altar]] The ''[[Cristo della Minerva]]'', also known as ''Christ the Redeemer'' or ''Christ Carrying the Cross'', is a marble sculpture by [[Michelangelo Buonarroti]], finished in 1521, located to the left of the main altar. ===Cappella Aldobrandini=== The [[Aldobrandini]] chapel was designed by [[Giacomo della Porta]] but it is [[Carlo Maderno]] that completed della Porta's project (after 1602). It was consecrated in 1611. The canvas depicting the Institution of the Eucharist and dated from 1594 is by [[Federico Fiori]]. The monument to the parents of [[Pope Clement VIII]], Salvestro Aldobrandini and Luisa Dati, is by [[Giacomo della Porta]]. The first [[Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament]] to be approved by the Holy See was established in this chapel, with [[St. Ignatius of Loyola]] as one of its earliest members. This chapel contains the [[Federico Barocci]] altarpiece depicting the ''[[Communion of the Apostles (Barocci)|Communion of the Apostles]]''. ===Cappella Raymond of Penyafort=== The chapel dedicated to [[Raymond of Penyafort]] houses the tomb of Cardinal [[Juan DΓaz de Coca]], by [[Andrea Bregno]]. The ceiling fresco ''Jesus Christ as a Judge, between two angels'' is by [[Melozzo da ForlΓ¬]]. ===Other major artworks=== * ''Annunciation'' (1485), by [[Antoniazzo Romano]] - shows Cardinal [[Juan de Torquemada (cardinal)|Juan de Torquemada]] OP presenting girls who received a [[dowry]] by his Guild of the Annunciation to the Virgin.<ref>[https://inpress.lib.uiowa.edu/feminae/DetailsPage.aspx?Feminae_ID=38213 "Annunciation", ''Feminae'', University of Iowa]</ref> The cardinal is buried nearby. * The tombs of the Popes [[Leo X]] and [[Clement VII]] by [[Baccio Bandinelli]] (1541) <ref name="metmuseum1"/> * Tomb of [[Urban VII]] * Tomb of [[Fra Angelico]], by Isaia da Pisa (1455) * Tomb of [[Guillaume Durand]] the Elder, Bishop of Mende (1285-1296), the 13th-century canonist; signed by Giovanni di Cosma (1296) * [[Memorial to Maria Raggi (Bernini)|Memorial to Maria Raggi]], by [[Gian Lorenzo Bernini]] (between 1647 and 1653) * Tomb of Cardinal Domenico Pimentel by Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1653) * Tomb of Francesco Tornabuoni (1480), one of the best works by [[Mino da Fiesole]] ===Burials=== {{more citations needed|section|date=April 2023}} [[File:Saint Catherine of Siena tomb.jpg|thumb|Sarcophagus of Saint Catherine of Siena beneath the High Altar]] Saint [[Catherine of Siena]] is buried here (except her head, which is in the [[Basilica of San Domenico (Siena)|Basilica of San Domenico]] in [[Siena]]). Beyond the sacristy, the room where she died in 1380 was reconstructed here by [[Antonio Barberini]] in 1637. This room is the first transplanted interior, and the progenitor of familiar 19th and 20th century museum "period rooms." The [[fresco]]es by [[Antoniazzo Romano]] that decorated the original walls, however, are now lost. The famous early [[Renaissance]] painter [[Fra Angelico]] died in the adjoining convent and was buried in the church. (He had painted a fresco cycle in the cloister on the initiative of Cardinal [[Juan de Torquemada (cardinal)|Juan de Torquemada]], but those paintings have not survived.) Before the construction of [[San Giovanni dei Fiorentini]], the Minerva served as the church in Rome of the [[Florence|Florentines]], and therefore it contains numerous tombs of prelates, nobles and citizens coming from that [[Tuscany|Tuscan]] city. For example, the elaborate tombs of the [[Medici]] Popes - [[Leo X]] (Giovanni de Medici) and [[Clement VII]] (Giulio de Medici) - are located here, designed by Florentine sculptor [[Baccio Bandinelli]].<ref name="metmuseum1"/> Curiously, [[Diotisalvi Neroni]], a refugee who had taken part in the plot against [[Piero di Cosimo de' Medici|Piero de' Medici]], is also buried in the church. The tombs of Popes [[Pope Urban VII|Urban VII]] and [[Pope Paul IV|Paul IV]] are located in Santa Maria sopra Minerva, as are the [[Cardinal-nephew]] of [[Pope Nicholas III]] [[Latino Malabranca Orsini]], Michel Mazarin ([[Archbishop of Aix]]) who was the brother of Cardinal [[Jules Mazarin]], the Byzantine philosopher [[George of Trebizond]], and two Renaissance theorists and practitioners, [[Filarete]] in architecture and [[Mariano Santo]] in [[surgery]]. Cardinal [[Astorgio Agnensi]] has his tomb monument in the cloister.
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