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Self-pollination
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== Mixed mating == About 42% of flowering plants exhibit a mixed mating system in nature.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Goodwillie C, Kalisz S, Eckert CG | year = 2005 | title = The evolutionary enigma of mixed mating systems in plants: Occurrence, theoretical explanations, and empirical evidence | journal = Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. | volume = 36 | pages = 47–79 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.36.091704.175539 }}</ref> In the most common kind of system, individual plants produce a single flower type and fruits may contain self-pollinated, out-crossed or a mixture of progeny types. Another mixed mating system is referred to as dimorphic cleistogamy. In this system a single plant produces both open, potentially out-crossed and closed, obligately self-pollinated cleistogamous flowers.<ref name="pmid24260515">{{cite journal |vauthors=Munguía-Rosas MA, Campos-Navarrete MJ, Parra-Tabla V |title=The effect of pollen source vs. flower type on progeny performance and seed predation under contrasting light environments in a cleistogamous herb |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=8 |issue=11 |pages=e80934 |year=2013 |pmid=24260515 |pmc=3829907 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0080934 |bibcode=2013PLoSO...880934M |doi-access=free }}</ref>
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