Editing Semantic security (section)

=== Why Randomness Is Important ===
Strong randomness is critical in:

* [[Key generation]] – Ensures cryptographic keys are unpredictable.<ref name="Katz2">{{cite book |last1=Katz |first1=Jonathan |title=Introduction to Modern Cryptography: Principles and Protocols |last2=Lindell |first2=Yehuda |publisher=Chapman and Hall/CRC |year=2007 |isbn=978-1584885511}}</ref>
* Nonce Selection – Reusing a nonce in [[AES-GCM]] or [[ElGamal encryption|ElGamal]] can break security.<ref name="Katz4">{{cite book |last1=Katz |first1=Jonathan |title=Introduction to Modern Cryptography: Principles and Protocols |last2=Lindell |first2=Yehuda |publisher=Chapman and Hall/CRC |year=2007 |isbn=978-1584885511}}</ref>
* [[Probabilistic encryption]] – Some schemes, like [[Goldwasser–Micali cryptosystem|Goldwasser–Micali]], rely on randomness to ensure ciphertexts are indistinguishable.<ref name="Katz4" />