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Sigma
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===Language and linguistics=== * In both [[Ancient Greek|Ancient]] and [[Modern Greek]], the sigma represents the [[voiceless alveolar fricative]] {{IPA|el|s|}}. In Modern Greek, this sound is [[voice (phonetics)|voiced]] to the [[voiced alveolar fricative]] {{IPA|el|z|}} when occurring before {{IPA|el|m|}}, {{IPA|el|n|}}, {{IPA|el|v|}}, {{IPA|el|ð|}}, or {{IPA|el|ɣ|}}. * The uppercase form of sigma ('''Σ''') was re-borrowed into the [[Latin alphabet]]—more precisely, the [[Africa Alphabet|International African Alphabet]]—to serve as the uppercase of modern [[esh (letter)|''esh'']] (lowercase: '''ʃ'''). * In [[phonology]], '''σ''' is used to represent [[syllable]]s. * In [[linguistics]], '''Σ''' represents the set of symbols that form an alphabet (see also [[Computer Science|computer science]]). * In [[historical linguistics]], '''Σ''' is used to represent a [[Common Brittonic]] consonant with a sound between {{IPAblink|s}} and {{IPAblink|h}}; perhaps an [[Aspirated consonant|aspirated]] [[Voiceless postalveolar fricative|[ʃʰ<nowiki>]</nowiki>]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:102094|title=Celtic initial consonant mutations - nghath and bhfuil?|first=Kevin M.|last=Conroy|date=21 February 2008|via=dlib.bc.edu}}</ref>
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