Editing Sizing (section)

== Textile warp sizing ==
[[File:Slashing or startching the warp - cropped.jpg|thumb|Sizing the warp]]
Textile warp sizing, also known as '''tape sizing''', of [[warp (weaving)|warp yarn]] is essential to reduce breakage of the [[yarn]] and thus production stops on the [[weaving]] machine. On the weaving machine, the warp yarns are subjected to several types of actions i.e. cyclic strain, flexing, abrasion at various [[loom]] parts, and inter yarn friction.

With sizing, the strength—abrasion resistance—of the yarn will improve and the hairiness of yarn will decrease. The degree of improvement of strength depends on adhesion force between fiber and size, size penetration, as well as encapsulation of yarn. Different types of water soluble polymers called textile sizing agents/chemicals such as modified [[starch]], [[polyvinyl alcohol]] (PVA), [[carboxymethyl cellulose]] (CMC), and [[acrylate]]s are used to protect the yarn. Also [[wax]] is added to reduce the abrasiveness of the warp yarns. The type of yarn material (e.g. [[cotton]], [[polyester]], [[linen]]), the thickness of the yarn, and the type of weaving machinery will determine the sizing recipe.

Often, the sizing liquor contain [[Tallow|mutton tallow]]. Mutton tallow is an animal fat, used to improve abrasion resistance of yarns during weaving.

The sizing liquor is applied on warp yarn with a warp sizing machine. After the weaving process, the fabric is [[desizing|desized]] (washed).

Sizing may be done by hand, or in a [[Textile sizing machine|sizing machine]].<ref name=schutz>{{cite journal|last=Schutz|first=R.A.|title=Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Sizing today and tomorrow|journal=Third International Sizing Symposium|date=12–16 September 1977}}</ref>