Editing Smells Like Teen Spirit (section)

==Music video==
[[File:CastingCallSmellsLikeTeenSpirit.jpg|thumb|Announcement from the band encouraging people to participate in the making of the music video for "Smells Like Teen Spirit".]]
[[File:Kurt Cobain, Smells Like Teen Spirit guitar, EMP Museum.jpg|thumb|upright|The [[Fender Mustang]] guitar played by Kurt Cobain in the "Smells Like Teen Spirit" music video.]]
The music video for "Smells Like Teen Spirit" was the first for director [[Samuel Bayer]]. Bayer believed he was hired because his [[Show reel|test reel]] was so poor the band anticipated his production would be "punk" and "not corporate".<ref name="classicalbums"/> The video is based on the concept of a school concert which ends in anarchy and riot, inspired by [[Jonathan Kaplan]]'s 1979 film ''[[Over the Edge (film)|Over the Edge]]'' and the [[Ramones]]' film ''[[Rock 'n' Roll High School]]''.<ref name="classicalbumsvideo">"The Making of the 'Smells Like Teen Spirit' Video". ''[[Classic Albums: Nirvana – Nevermind]]'' [DVD]. Isis Productions, 2004.</ref> It had an estimated budget of between $30,000 and $50,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/stopthepresses/277601/smells-like-teen-spirit-smells-like-its-19-today/|title="Smells Like Teen Spirit" Smells Like It's 19 Today|last=Ganz|first=Caryn|date=10 September 2010|publisher=Yahoo.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100917001818/http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/stopthepresses/277601/smells-like-teen-spirit-smells-like-its-19-today|archive-date=September 17, 2010|url-status=dead|access-date=January 11, 2011}}</ref>

The video was filmed on August 17, 1991,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/heres-the-original-casting-call-for-nirvanas-smells-like-teen-spirit-video-2012-4|title=Here's The Original Casting Call For Nirvana's 'Smells Like Teen Spirit' Video, From 1991|date=April 25, 2012|access-date=June 18, 2020|last=Stampler|first=Laura|work=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref> on Stage 6 of GMT Studios in [[Culver City, California|Culver City]]. It features Nirvana playing at a [[pep rally]] in a high school gym to an audience of apathetic students on bleachers, and cheerleaders wearing black dresses with the [[Anarchist symbolism#Circle-A|Circle-A]] anarchist symbol. The video features an appearance by [[Burton C. Bell]], later known as frontman of heavy metal band [[Fear Factory]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/fear-factory-frontman-how-i-ended-up-appearing-in-nirvana-s-smells-like-teen-spirit-video/|title=Fear Factory Frontman: How I Ended Up Appearing In NIRVANA's 'Smells Like Teen Spirit' Video|publisher=blabbermouth.net|date=July 31, 2012|access-date=October 2, 2017}}</ref> Occasionally, the scene cuts to a janitor (played by Tony De La Rosa) wearing a navy blue jumpsuit and dancing with a push broom handle. The video ends with the students destroying the set and the band's gear. The discontent was genuine; the extras who filled the bleachers had been forced to stay seated through numerous replays of the song for an entire afternoon of filming. Cobain convinced Bayer to allow the extras to [[moshing|mosh]], and the set became a scene of chaos. "Once the kids came out dancing they just said 'fuck you', because they were so tired of his shit throughout the day," Cobain said.<ref name="Azerrad19091">Azerrad, pp. 190–91.</ref>

Cobain disliked Bayer's final edit and oversaw a re-edit of the video, creating the final version.<ref name="qpg54" /> One of Cobain's major additions was the penultimate shot, a close-up of his face after it had been obscured for most of the video.<ref name="Azerrad19091" /> Another major change involved two sequences of a principal standing next to a loudspeaker and being sprayed with confetti, and a teacher dressed like a nerd dancing to the song with a "Dunce" cap before being tied to a basketball hoop pole. Cobain had the principal footage and most of the teacher footage removed, aside from the ending scene which shows the teacher tied to the pole as the janitor sweeps the floor.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nirvana – Smells Like Teen Spirit (Director's Cut)|publisher=Daniil Nefedov|work=YouTube|date=May 5, 2016|access-date=September 26, 2019|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLvb2UTndLM|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/SLvb2UTndLM|archive-date=November 14, 2021|url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Bayer said that unlike subsequent artists he worked with, Cobain was not vain, and was more interested that "the video had something that was truly about what they were about".<ref name="classicalbumsvideo" />

=== Reception ===
The music video received positive reviews. The ''Rolling Stone'' writer [[David Fricke]] described the video as looking like "the greatest gig you could ever imagine".<ref name="classicalbums" /> In addition to a number-one placing in the singles category, "Teen Spirit" also topped the music video category in the ''Village Voice''{{'}}s 1991 "Pazz & Jop" poll.<ref>{{cite web|last=Christgau|first=Robert|date=March 3, 1992|title=The 1991 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll|publisher=RobertChristgau.com|url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres91.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060507034515/http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres91.php|archive-date=May 7, 2006|access-date=May 19, 2007}}</ref> The video won Nirvana the [[MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist|Best New Artist]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Alternative Video|Best Alternative Group]] awards at the 1992 [[MTV Video Music Awards]],<ref>{{cite web|year=2006|title=Past Winners Database|work=Los Angeles Times|url=http://theenvelope.latimes.com/extras/lostmind/year/1992/1992mtvv.htm|access-date=October 29, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061031053343/http://theenvelope.latimes.com/extras/lostmind/year/1992/1992mtvv.htm|archive-date=October 31, 2006|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2000 the ''[[Guinness World Records]]'' named "Teen Spirit" the Most Played Video on [[MTV Europe]].<ref>{{cite web|date=November 27, 2006|title=ABC News: Achieving Nirvana: Grunge Band's 'Teen Spirit' is Top Song of Past Two Decades|publisher=ABC News|url=https://abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=2682023&page=1|access-date=December 1, 2006}}</ref> Amy Finnerty, formerly of MTV's Programming department, later said the video "changed the entire look of MTV" by giving them "a whole new generation to sell to".<ref name="classicalbums" />

''Rolling Stone'' placed the music video for "Smells Like Teen Spirit" at number two on their 1993 list of "The 100 Top Music Videos".<ref name="RS 1993 video">{{cite web|date=October 1993|title=Rolling Stone: "The 100 Top Music Videos"|publisher=Rock on the Net|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1993/rsvideo.htm|access-date=October 7, 2013}}</ref> MTV ranked the song's music video at number three on its "100 Greatest Music Videos Ever Made" list in 1999.<ref name="MTV 1999 video">{{cite web|year=1999|title=MTV: '100 Greatest Music Videos Ever Made'|publisher=Rock on the Net|url=http://www.rockonthenet.com/archive/1999/mtv100.htm|access-date=October 7, 2013}}</ref> VH1 placed the debut of the "Teen Spirit" video at number eighteen on its 2000 list of "100 Greatest Rock & Roll Moments on TV", noting that it made alternative rock "a commercial and pop culture force".<ref name="VH1 2000 video">{{cite web|title=VH-1's 100 Greatest Rock & Roll Moments|publisher=AmIAnnoying.com|url=http://www.amiannoying.com/%28S%28kbtodvygih5iyiprvdctv414%29%29/collection.aspx?collection=5772|access-date=October 24, 2013}}</ref> In 2001, VH1 named it the fourth-greatest video.<ref name="VH1 2001 video">{{cite magazine|last=Susman|first=Gary|date=May 2, 2001|title=News Summary: Model Patient|magazine=EW.com|url=https://ew.com/article/2001/05/07/niki-taylor-seriously-hurt-car-crash/|access-date=November 12, 2021|url-status=live|archive-date=October 13, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013185525/http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,108354,00.htm}}</ref> The video was parodied in [["Weird Al" Yankovic]]'s music video for "[[Smells Like Nirvana]]"<ref>{{cite AV media notes|title=Permanent Record: Al in the Box|title-link=Permanent Record: Al in the Box|others=[["Weird Al" Yankovic]]|year=1994|first=Barret|last=Hansen|author-link=Dr. Demento|type=liner|publisher=[[Scotti Brothers Records]]|location=California, US}}</ref> and referenced in [[Bob Sinclar]]'s 2006 music video for "[[Rock This Party (Everybody Dance Now)]]".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.plasticletters.org/bobsinclarrockthisparty|first=Stephen|last=Hill|title=Rock This Party Popular Music Video|publisher=Routelege Media|series=AS Media Studies: The Essential Introduction|website=plasticletters.org|year=2008}}</ref> By December 25, 2019 the video had been viewed 1&nbsp;billion times on YouTube.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/12/25/790835284/here-we-are-now-on-smells-like-teen-spirit-hitting-a-billion-views-on-youtube|title=Here We Are Now: On 'Smells Like Teen Spirit' Hitting A Billion Views On YouTube|last=Thompson|first=Stephen|publisher=[[NPR]]|date=December 25, 2019|access-date=December 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191226050259/https://www.npr.org/2019/12/25/790835284/here-we-are-now-on-smells-like-teen-spirit-hitting-a-billion-views-on-youtube|archive-date=December 26, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>