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Solar cycle
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==== Cycle 25 ==== {{Main|Solar cycle 25}} Solar cycle 25 began in December 2019.<ref name="Hello 25">{{cite web|url=https://www.weather.gov/news/201509-solar-cycle|title=Hello Solar Cycle 25|author=[[National Weather Service]]|access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref> Several predictions have been made for solar cycle 25<ref name="ADS serach">for example: {{cite web |title=ADS search for "solar sunspot cycle 25 prediction" |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/search/q=abs%3A(prediction%20solar%20sunspot%20%22cycle%2025%22)&sort=date%20desc%2C%20bibcode%20desc&p_=0 |access-date= 17 March 2020}}</ref> based on different methods, ranging from very weak to strong magnitude. A physics-based prediction relying on the data-driven solar dynamo and solar surface flux transport models seems to have predicted the strength of the solar polar field at the current minima correctly and forecasts a weak but not insignificant solar cycle 25 similar to or slightly stronger than cycle 24.<ref name=Bhowmik>{{cite journal |last1=Bhowmik |first1=Prantika |last2=Nandy |first2=Dibyendu |title=Prediction of the strength and timing of sunspot cycle 25 reveal decadal-scale space environmental conditions |journal=Nature Communications |date=6 December 2018 |volume=9 |issue=1 |page=5209 |doi=10.1038/s41467-018-07690-0 |pmid=30523260 |pmc=6283837 |arxiv=1909.04537 |bibcode=2018NatCo...9.5209B |language=en |issn=2041-1723|doi-access=free }}</ref> Notably, they rule out the possibility of the Sun falling into a Maunder-minimum-like (inactive) state over the next decade. A preliminary consensus by a solar cycle 25 Prediction Panel was made in early 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/news/solar-cycle-25-preliminary-forecast|title=Solar Cycle 25 Preliminary Forecast |website=NOAA / NWS Space Weather Prediction Center}}</ref> The Panel, which was organized by NOAA's [[Space Weather Prediction Center]] (SWPC) and [[NASA]], based on the published solar cycle 25 predictions, concluded that solar cycle 25 will be very similar to solar cycle 24. They anticipate that the solar cycle minimum before cycle 25 will be long and deep, just as the minimum that preceded cycle 24. They expect solar maximum to occur between 2023 and 2026 with a sunspot range of 95 to 130, given in terms of the revised sunspot number.
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