Editing Somatic cell (section)

==Genetic modifications==
[[File:DNA Repair-colourfriendly.png|thumb|Schematic of CRISPR based gene editing technique]]
Development of [[biotechnology]] has allowed for the genetic manipulation of somatic cells, whether for the modelling of chronic disease or for the prevention of malaise conditions.<ref>{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Jarrett KE, Lee CM, Yeh YH, Hsu RH, Gupta R, Zhang M, Rodriguez PJ, Lee CS, Gillard BK, Bissig KD, Pownall HJ, Martin JF, Bao G, Lagor WR |date=March 2017 |title=Somatic genome editing with CRISPR/Cas9 generates and corrects a metabolic disease |journal=Scientific Reports |volume=7 |pages=44624 |bibcode=2017NatSR...744624J |doi=10.1038/srep44624 |pmc=5353616 |pmid=28300165}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2018 |title=NIH Commits $190M to Somatic Gene-Editing Tools/Tech Research |url=https://www.genengnews.com/gen-news-highlights/nih-commits-190m-to-somatic-gene-editing-toolstech-research/81255414 |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref> Two current means of gene editing are the use of [[transcription activator-like effector nuclease]]s (TALENs) or [[CRISPR gene editing|clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats]] (CRISPR).{{cn|date=June 2024}}

Genetic engineering of somatic cells has resulted in some [[Human genetic engineering#Controversy|controversies]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Singh |first=Amarendra N. |date=2021-04-01 |title=Ethical Controversies and Challenges in Human Genome Editing. {{!}} International Medical Journal {{!}} EBSCOhost |url=https://openurl.ebsco.com/contentitem/gcd:149537843?sid=ebsco:plink:crawler&id=ebsco:gcd:149537843 |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=openurl.ebsco.com |language=en}}</ref> although the International Summit on Human Gene Editing has released a statement in support of genetic modification of somatic cells, as the modifications thereof are not passed on to offspring.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2015 |title=Why Treat Gene Editing Differently In Two Types Of Human Cells? |url=http://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/why-treat-gene-editing-differently-two-types-human-cells/ |access-date=5 July 2018}}</ref>