Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Spanish language
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
== Geographical distribution == {{See also|Hispanophone}} [[File:El español en el mundo 2023 (Anuario del Instituto Cervantes).svg|thumb|Geographical distribution of the Spanish language {{legend|#ff0000ff|Official or co-official language}} {{legend|#ffcd48ff|Important minority (more than 25%) or majority language, but not official}} {{legend|#ffeeaaff|Notable minority language (less than 25% but more than 500,000 Spanish speakers)}}]] Spanish is the primary language in 20 countries worldwide. As of 2023, it is estimated that about 486 million people speak Spanish as a [[First language|native language]], making it the second [[List of languages by number of native speakers|most spoken language by number of native speakers]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anuario instituto Cervantes 2023 |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_23/ |access-date=2023-11-06 |website=Centro Virtual Cervantes |language=es |archive-date=2023-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222190339/https://www.bergesinstitutespanish.com/spanish-native-speakers |url-status=live}} Estimate. Corrected as Equatorial Guinea is mistakenly included (no native speakers there)</ref> An additional 75 million speak Spanish as a second or [[Spanish as a foreign language|foreign language]], making it the fourth [[List of languages by total number of speakers|most spoken language in the world overall]] after English, Mandarin Chinese, and Hindi with a total number of 538 million speakers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ethnologue.com/statistics/size|title=Summary by language size|website=Ethnologue|date=3 October 2018|access-date=14 November 2020|archive-date=26 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226040016/https://www.ethnologue.com/statistics/size|url-status=live}}</ref> Spanish is also the third [[Languages used on the Internet|most used language on the Internet]], after English and Chinese.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm |title=Internet World Users by Language |year=2008 |publisher=Miniwatts Marketing Group |access-date=20 November 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426122721/http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm |archive-date=26 April 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> === Europe === {{main|Peninsular Spanish}} [[File:Knowledge of Spanish in European Union.svg|thumb|Percentage of people who self reportedly know enough Spanish to hold a conversation, in the EU, 2005 {{legend|#554400|Native country}} {{legend|#AA8800|More than 8.99%}} {{legend|#E5B700|Between 4% and 8.99%}} {{legend|#FFDD55|Between 1% and 3.99%}} {{legend|#FFEEAA|Less than 1%}}]] Spanish is the official language of [[Spain]]. Upon the emergence of the [[Castilian Crown]] as the dominant power in the Iberian Peninsula by the end of the Middle Ages, the Romance vernacular associated with this polity became increasingly used in instances of prestige and influence, and the distinction between "Castilian" and "Spanish" started to become blurred.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Clara|last=Mar-Molinero|title=The Politics of Language in the Spanish-Speaking World|year=2000|isbn=0-203-44372-1|location=London|publisher=[[Routledge]]|pages=19–20}}</ref> Hard policies imposing the language's hegemony in an intensely centralising Spanish state were established from the 18th century onward.{{Sfn|Mar-Molinero|2000|p=21}} Other European territories in which it is also widely spoken include [[Gibraltar]] and [[Andorra]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3164.htm |title=Background Note: Andorra |publisher=U.S. Department of State: Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs |date=January 2007 |access-date=20 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122194318/https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3164.htm |archive-date=22 January 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> Spanish is also spoken by immigrant communities in other European countries, such as the [[United Kingdom]], [[France]], [[Italy]], and [[Germany]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/european_languages/languages/spanish.shtml |title=BBC Education — Languages Across Europe — Spanish |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |access-date=20 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929052158/http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/european_languages/languages/spanish.shtml |archive-date=29 September 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> Spanish is an official language of the [[European Union]]. === Americas === ==== Hispanic America ==== {{main|Spanish language in the Americas}} Today, the majority of the Spanish speakers live in [[Hispanic America]]. Nationally, Spanish is the official language—either ''[[de facto]]'' or ''[[de jure]]''—of [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]] (co-official with 36 indigenous languages), [[Chile]], [[Colombia]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Cuba]], [[Dominican Republic]], [[Ecuador]], [[El Salvador]], [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]], [[Mexico]] (co-official with 63 indigenous languages), [[Nicaragua]], [[Panama]], [[Paraguay]] (co-official with [[Guarani language|Guaraní]]),<ref>[http://www.constitution.org/cons/paraguay.htm Constitución de la República del Paraguay] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908185557/http://www.constitution.org/cons/paraguay.htm |date=8 September 2014}}, Article 140</ref> [[Peru]] (co-official with [[Quechua language|Quechua]], [[Aymara language|Aymara]], and "the other indigenous languages"),<ref>[http://www.constitucionpoliticadelperu.com/ Constitución Política del Perú] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517192115/http://constitucionpoliticadelperu.com/ |date=17 May 2014}}, Article 48</ref> [[Puerto Rico]] (co-official with English),<ref>{{cite news |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE1D8163AF93AA15752C0A965958260&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fE%2fEnglish%20Language |title=Puerto Rico Elevates English |date=29 January 1993 |work=the New York Times |access-date=6 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080122011853/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE1D8163AF93AA15752C0A965958260&n=Top%2FReference%2FTimes%20Topics%2FSubjects%2FE%2FEnglish%20Language |archive-date=22 January 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Uruguay]], and [[Venezuela]]. ====United States==== {{Main|Spanish language in the United States}} {{See also|Spanish language in California|New Mexican Spanish|Isleño Spanish}} [[File:Spanish spoken at home in the United States 2019.svg|thumb|upright=1.35|right|Percentage of the U.S. population aged 5 and over who speaks Spanish at home in 2019, by states]] Spanish language has a long history in the territory of the current-day United States dating back to the 16th century.{{Sfn|Lamboy|Salgado-Robles|2020|p=1}} In the wake of the [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo|1848 Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty]], hundreds of thousands of Spanish speakers became a minoritized community in the United States.{{Sfn|Lamboy|Salgado-Robles|2020|p=1}} The 20th century saw further massive growth of Spanish speakers in areas where they had been hitherto scarce.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Spanish across Domains in the United States. Education, Public Space, and Social Media|editor-first=Francisco|editor-last=Salgado-Robles|editor-first2=Edwin M.|editor-last2=Lamboy|publisher=[[Brill (publisher)|Brill]]|isbn=978-90-04-43322-9|year=2020|location=Leiden|page=1|first1=Edwin M.|last1=Lamboy|first2=Francisco|last2=Salgado-Robles|chapter=Introduction: Spanish in the United States and across Domains}}</ref> According to the 2020 census, over 60 million people of the U.S. population were of [[Hispanic]] or [[Hispanic America]]n by origin.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html|title=Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census|date=12 August 2021|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=23 January 2021|archive-date=15 August 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815165418/https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/race-and-ethnicity-in-the-united-state-2010-and-2020-census.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In turn, 41.8 million people in the United States aged five or older speak Spanish at home, or about 13% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home&tid=ACSST1Y2019.S1601|title=American Community Survey Explore Census Data|access-date=24 January 2022|archive-date=17 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017182821/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home&tid=ACSST1Y2019.S1601|url-status=live}}</ref> Spanish predominates in the unincorporated territory of [[Puerto Rico]], where it is also an official language along with English. Spanish is by far the most common second language in the country, with over 50 million total speakers if non-native or second-language speakers are included.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cultura/speak/spanish/Espana/elpepucul/20081006elpepicul_1/Tes|title=Más 'speak spanish' que en España|access-date=6 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520111353/http://www.elpais.com/articulo/cultura/speak/spanish/Espana/elpepucul/20081006elpepicul_1/Tes|archive-date=20 May 2011|url-status=live}} (in Spanish)</ref> While English is the de facto national language of the country, Spanish is often used in public services and notices at the federal and state levels. Spanish is also used in administration in the state of [[New Mexico]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Crawford |first1=John |title=Language loyalties: a source book on the official English controversy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wLoJ31HXl40C&pg=PA62 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |year=1992 |page=62 |isbn=9780226120164 |access-date=14 November 2023 |archive-date=30 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231130015012/https://books.google.com/books?id=wLoJ31HXl40C&pg=PA62 |url-status=live}}</ref> The language has a strong influence in major metropolitan areas such as those of [[Greater Los Angeles area|Los Angeles]], [[Miami metropolitan area|Miami]], [[San Antonio metropolitan area|San Antonio]], [[New York metropolitan area|New York]], [[San Francisco Bay Area|San Francisco]], [[Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex|Dallas]], [[Greater Tucson|Tucson]] and [[Phoenix metropolitan area|Phoenix]] of the [[Arizona Sun Corridor]], as well as more recently, [[Chicago metropolitan area|Chicago]], [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]], [[Greater Boston|Boston]], [[Greater Denver|Denver]], [[Greater Houston|Houston]], [[Greater Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], [[Greater Philadelphia|Philadelphia]], [[Greater Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[Greater Salt Lake City|Salt Lake City]], [[Greater Atlanta|Atlanta]], [[Greater Nashville|Nashville]], [[Greater Orlando|Orlando]], [[Greater Tampa|Tampa]], [[Greater Raleigh|Raleigh]] and [[Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area|Baltimore-Washington, D.C.]] due to 20th- and 21st-century immigration. ====Rest of the Americas==== Although Spanish has no official recognition in the former [[British overseas territories|British colony]] of [[Belize]] (known until 1973 as [[British Honduras]]) where English is the sole official language, according to the 2022 census, 54% of the total population are able to speak the language.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://sib.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/Languages_Infographic_2022.pdf|title=Languages spoken in Belize, 2022 Census|date=2022 |language=en |access-date=11 September 2024}}</ref> Due to its proximity to Spanish-speaking countries and small existing [[Trinidadian Spanish|native Spanish speaking]] minority, [[Trinidad and Tobago]] has implemented Spanish language teaching into its education system. The Trinidadian and Tobagonian government launched the ''Spanish as a First Foreign Language'' (SAFFL) initiative in March 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tradeind.gov.tt/SIS/FAQ.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103080637/http://www.tradeind.gov.tt/SIS/FAQ.htm |archive-date=3 November 2010 |title=FAQ |work=The Secretariat for The Implementation of Spanish |publisher=Government of the Republic |location=Trinidad and Tobago |access-date=10 January 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Spanish has historically had a significant presence on the [[Dutch Caribbean]] islands of [[Aruba]], [[Bonaire]] and [[Curaçao]] ([[ABC islands (Leeward Antilles)|ABC Islands]]) throughout the centuries and in present times. The majority of the populations of each island (especially Aruba) speaking Spanish at varying although often high degrees of fluency.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Language and education on Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/300471435}}</ref> The local language [[Papiamento|Papiamentu]] (Papiamento on Aruba) is heavily influenced by Venezuelan Spanish. In addition to sharing most of its borders with Spanish-speaking countries, the creation of [[Mercosur]] in the early 1990s induced a favorable situation for the promotion of Spanish language teaching in [[Brazil]].{{Sfn|Valle|Villa|2006|p=376}}<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.es/&httpsredir=1&article=1082&context=gc_pubs|title=Spanish in Brazil: Language Policy, Business, and Cultural Propaganda|first1=José del|last1=Valle |first2=Laura|last2=Villa |journal=Language Policy |year=2006|volume=5|issue=4 |doi=10.1007/s10993-006-9035-2|pages=376–377 |s2cid=144373408|access-date=5 February 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124020917/https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.es%2F&httpsredir=1&article=1082&context=gc_pubs|url-status=live|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In 2005, the [[National Congress of Brazil]] approved a bill, signed into law by the [[President of Brazil|President]], making it mandatory for [[school]]s to offer Spanish as an alternative foreign language course in both public and private secondary schools in Brazil.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2005/Lei/L11161.htm |title = Brazilian Law 11.161 |publisher = Presidência da República |date = 5 August 2005 |access-date = 31 March 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131031191701/http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2005/Lei/L11161.htm |archive-date = 31 October 2013 |url-status = live}}</ref> In September 2016 this law was revoked by [[Michel Temer]] after the [[impeachment of Dilma Rousseff]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://oglobo.globo.com/sociedade/educacao/novo-ensino-medio-tera-curriculo-flexivel-mais-horas-de-aula-20164798 |title=Novo ensino médio terá currículo flexível e mais horas de aula |newspaper=O Globo |date=23 September 2016 |access-date=23 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923213525/http://oglobo.globo.com/sociedade/educacao/novo-ensino-medio-tera-curriculo-flexivel-mais-horas-de-aula-20164798 |archive-date=23 September 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> In many border towns and villages along Paraguay and Uruguay, a [[mixed language]] known as [[Riverense Portuñol|Portuñol]] is spoken.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Lipski |first=John M |year=2006 |title=Too close for comfort? the genesis of "portuñol/portunhol" |editor1-first=Timothy L |editor1-last=Face |editor2-first=Carol A |editor2-last=Klee |pages=1–22 |journal=Selected Proceedings of the 8th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium |location=Somerville, MA |publisher=Cascadilla Proceedings Project |url= http://www.lingref.com/cpp/hls/8/paper1251.pdf |access-date=29 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216225441/http://www.lingref.com/cpp/hls/8/paper1251.pdf |archive-date=16 December 2008 |url-status=live}}</ref> === Africa === ==== Sub-Saharan Africa ==== {{See also|Equatoguinean Spanish}} [[File:Malabo 08207.JPG|thumb|right|Spanish language signage in [[Malabo]], capital city of [[Equatorial Guinea]]]] [[Equatorial Guinea]] is the only Spanish-speaking country located entirely in Africa, with the language introduced during the [[Spanish Guinea|Spanish colonial period]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lipski |first=John M. |author-link=John M. Lipski |year=2014 |title=¿Existe un dialecto "ecuatoguineano" del español? |url=https://revista-iberoamericana.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/Iberoamericana/article/viewFile/7202/7335 |url-status=live |journal=Revista Iberoamericana |volume=80 |issue=248–249 |pages=865–882 |doi=10.5195/REVIBEROAMER.2014.7202 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124020919/https://revista-iberoamericana.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/Iberoamericana/article/viewFile/7202/7335 |archive-date=24 January 2022 |access-date=19 January 2022 |quote="Se trata de Guinea Ecuatorial, único país del África subsahariana de habla española," |doi-access=free}}</ref> Enshrined in the constitution as an official language (alongside French and Portuguese), Spanish features prominently in the Equatoguinean education system and is the primary language used in government and business.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The decline of the indigenous languages of Equatorial Guinea: a manifestation of the loss of cultural identity|first1=Pedro Bayeme|last1=Bituga-Nchama|first2=Cruz Otu |last2=Nvé-Ndumu |year=2021 |journal=Revista Cátedra|volume=4|issue=3|pages=41 |url=https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/CATEDRA/article/view/3147/3969 |access-date=19 January 2022 |archive-date=24 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124020917/https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/CATEDRA/article/view/3147/3969|url-status=live}}</ref> Whereas it is not the mother tongue of virtually any of its speakers, the vast majority of the population is proficient in Spanish.<ref>Quilis and Casado-Fresnillo, 1995, pp. 27–35; cfr {{Harvcoltxt|Bituga-Nchama|Nvé-Ndumu|2021|p=41}}</ref> The [[Instituto Cervantes]] estimates that 87.7% of the population is fluent in Spanish.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_08.pdf| title = Gloria Nistal Rosique: El caso del español en Guinea ecuatorial, Instituto Cervantes.| access-date = 7 February 2010| archive-date = 26 October 2012| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121026105600/http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_08.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> The proportion of proficient Spanish speakers in Equatorial Guinea exceeds the proportion of proficient speakers in other West and Central African nations of their respective colonial languages.<ref>{{Cite journal|journal=Arizona Journal of Hispanic Cultural Studies|volume=8|year=2004 |title=The Spanish language of Equatorial Guinea|first=John M.|last=Lipski|author-link=John M. Lipski|page=117 |doi=10.1353/hcs.2011.0376|s2cid=144501371|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2574235.pdf|access-date=19 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121212630/https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2574235.pdf |archive-date=21 January 2022|url-status=live}}</ref> Spanish is spoken by very small communities in [[Angola]] due to Cuban influence from the [[Cold War]] and in [[South Sudan]] among South Sudanese natives that relocated to Cuba during the Sudanese wars and returned for their country's independence.<ref>{{Cite news |publisher=Radio France International |language=es |url=http://www.espanol.rfi.fr/africa/20110706-los-cubanos-la-elite-del-sudan-del-sur |title=Los cubanos, la élite de Sudán del Sur |access-date=20 December 2011 |date=6 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112090846/http://www.espanol.rfi.fr/africa/20110706-los-cubanos-la-elite-del-sudan-del-sur |archive-date=12 January 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref> ==== North Africa and Macaronesia ==== {{See also|Canarian Spanish|Saharan Spanish}} Spanish is also spoken in the integral territories of Spain in Africa, namely the cities of [[Ceuta]] and [[Melilla]] and the [[Canary Islands]], located in the Atlantic Ocean some {{convert|100|km|abbr=on}} off the northwest of the African mainland. The [[Canarian Spanish|Spanish spoken in the Canary Islands]] traces its origins back to the [[Conquest of the Canary Islands|Castilian conquest in the 15th century]], and, in addition to a resemblance to Western Andalusian speech patterns, it also features strong influence from the Spanish varieties spoken in the Americas,<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://revistes.urv.cat/index.php/utf/article/view/2332/2255|pages=175–176|first=Javier|last=Medina López|journal=Universitas Tarraconensis. Revista de Filologia|issue=14|year=1992–1993|publisher=Publicacions Universitat Rovira i Virgili|issn=2604-3432|title=Estandarización lingüística en las hablas canarias|access-date=19 January 2022|archive-date=24 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124020917/https://revistes.urv.cat/index.php/utf/article/view/2332/2255|url-status=live}}</ref> which in turn have also been influenced historically by Canarian Spanish.<ref>{{cite book |last=Lipski |first=John |author-link=John M. Lipski|date=1994 |title=Latin American Spanish |edition=1st |publisher=Longman|quote=An indisputable influence in the formation of Latin American Spanish, often overshadowed by discussion of the 'Andalusian' contribution, is the Canary Islands.|quote-page=55}}</ref> The Spanish spoken in North Africa by native bilingual speakers of Arabic or Berber who also speak Spanish as a second language features characteristics involving the variability of the vowel system.<ref>{{Cite journal|journal=[[Annual Review of Linguistics]]|first1=Manuel|last1=Díaz-Campos|first2=Juan M.|last2=Escalona Torres|first3=Valentyna|last3=Filimonova|url=https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030547|page=369|doi=10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030547|title=Sociolinguistics of the Spanish-Speaking World|year=2020|volume=6|s2cid=210443649 |issn=2333-9683|access-date=9 December 2023|archive-date=9 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231209021219/https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030547|url-status=live}}</ref> While far from its heyday during the [[Spanish protectorate in Morocco]], the Spanish language has some presence in northern [[Morocco]], stemming for example from the availability of certain Spanish-language media.{{Sfn|Vicente|2011|p=67}} According to a 2012 survey by Morocco's Royal Institute for Strategic Studies (IRES), penetration of Spanish in Morocco reaches 4.6% of the population.<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=[[Ministry of Economy (Spain)|Ministerio de Economía y Empresa]]|url=https://catalogo.ceu.es/pdocs/710471_10353835.pdf|title=The economic and commercial influence of Spanish-based languages|location=Madrid|year=2018|chapter=The endurance of Spanish in the Maghreb|pages=32–46|first=David|last=Fernández Vítores|access-date=9 December 2023|archive-date=13 January 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240113155342/https://catalogo.ceu.es/pdocs/710471_10353835.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Many northern Moroccans have rudimentary knowledge of Spanish,{{Sfn|Vicente|2011|p=67}} with Spanish being particularly significant in areas adjacent to Ceuta and Melilla.{{Sfn|Fernández Vítores|2018|pp=32–46}} Spanish also has a presence in the education system of the country (through either selected education centers implementing Spain's education system, primarily located in the North, or the availability of Spanish as foreign language subject in secondary education).{{Sfn|Vicente|2011|p=67}} In [[Western Sahara]], formerly [[Spanish Sahara]], a primarily [[Hassaniya Arabic]]-speaking territory, Spanish was officially spoken as the language of the colonial administration during the late 19th and 20th centuries. Today, Spanish is present in the partially-recognized [[Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic]] as its secondary official language,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.spsrasd.info/ar/articles/2018/11/29/18612.html |title=الوفد الصحراوي سيحضر لقاء جنيف بإرادة صادقة للتقدم نحو الحل الذي يضمن حق الشعب الصحراوي في تقرير المصير والاستقلال |trans-title=The Sahrawi delegation will attend the Geneva meeting with a sincere will to move towards a solution that guarantees the right of the Sahrawi people to self-determination and independence |date=29 November 2018 |website=[[Sahara Press Service]] |access-date=18 December 2023 |language=ar |archive-date=25 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231125125903/https://archive.spsrasd.info/ar/articles/2018/11/29/18612.html |url-status=live}}</ref> and in the [[Sahrawi refugee camps|Sahrawi refugee camps in Tindouf]] ([[Algeria]]), where the Spanish language is still taught as a second language, largely by Cuban educators.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.elindependiente.com/espana/2021/10/20/espana-se-desentiende-de-la-preservacion-del-castellano-en-los-campamentos-saharauis/ |website=El Independiente|date=20 October 2021 |first=Francisco |last=Carrión|title=España se desentiende de la preservación del castellano en los campamentos saharauis |access-date=19 January 2022|archive-date=24 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124020916/https://www.elindependiente.com/espana/2021/10/20/espana-se-desentiende-de-la-preservacion-del-castellano-en-los-campamentos-saharauis/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Martos |first1=Isabel |title=Linguistic Policy in the Camps of Sahrawi Refugees |via=researchgate.net |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273993698 |publisher=Universidad de Alcalá |access-date=19 August 2018 |archive-date=22 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210522172107/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273993698_Linguistic_Policy_in_the_Camps_of_Sahrawi_Refugees_2014 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_3.pdf |title=El Español en los Campamentos de Refugiados Saharauis (Tinduf, Algeria) |publisher=Cvc.cervantes.es |access-date=20 May 2015 |archive-date=26 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161226150735/http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_3.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Spanish is also an official language of the [[African Union]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=AU languages |url=https://au.int/en/about/languages |access-date=June 6, 2024 |website=African Union |archive-date=7 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407001442/https://au.int/en/about/languages |url-status=live }}</ref> === Asia === {{See also|Chavacano|Philippine Spanish|Spanish language in the Philippines}} [[Image:La-solidaridad2.jpg|thumb|upright|left|An 1892 issue of '' [[La Solidaridad]]'', a Spanish-language newspaper on the [[Captaincy General of the Philippines|colonial Philippines]] published in [[Barcelona]] by Filipino exiles and international students]] Spanish was an official language of the [[Philippines]] from the beginning of Spanish administration in 1565 to a constitutional change in 1973. During [[History of the Philippines (1521–1898)|Spanish colonization]], it was the language of government, trade, and education, and was spoken as a first language by Spaniards and educated Filipinos (''[[Ilustrados]]''). Despite a public education system set up by the colonial government, by the end of Spanish rule in 1898, only about 10% of the population had knowledge of Spanish, mostly those of Spanish descent or elite standing.<ref>{{cite news|language=es |title=Por qué Filipinas no es un país hispanoparlante si fue una colonia de España durante 300 años (y qué huellas quedan de la lengua de Cervantes)|newspaper=BBC News Mundo|date=30 January 2021 |url=https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-54724887 |access-date=31 January 2021|archive-date=30 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130181828/https://www.bbc.com/mundo/noticias-54724887|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Idioma chabacano.png|thumb|Map of the [[Chavacano]] language in various [[provinces of the Philippines]], as well as [[Sabah]] in [[Malaysia]] (where it is spoken by immigrants)]] Spanish continued to be official and used in Philippine literature and press during the early years of [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands|American administration]] after the [[Spanish–American War]] but was eventually replaced by English as the primary language of administration and education by the 1920s.<ref>{{cite news |first=Ambeth |last=Ocampo |author-link=Ambeth Ocampo |title=The loss of Spanish |url=http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20071204-104897/The_loss_of_Spanish |date=4 December 2007 |work=Philippine Daily Inquirer (INQUIRER.net) |location=Makati City, Philippines |at=Opinion |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311211640/http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20071204-104897/The_loss_of_Spanish |archive-date=11 March 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=26 July 2010}}</ref> Nevertheless, despite a significant decrease in influence and speakers, Spanish remained an official language of the Philippines upon independence in 1946, alongside English and [[Filipino language|Filipino]], a standardized version of [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]]. Spanish was briefly removed from official status in 1973 but reimplemented under the administration of [[Ferdinand Marcos]] two months later.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno155.html |title=Presidential Decree No. 155: Philippine Laws, Statutes and Codes |publisher=Chanrobles.com |access-date=24 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003012548/http://www.chanrobles.com/presidentialdecrees/presidentialdecreeno155.html |archive-date=3 October 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> It remained an official language until the ratification of the present constitution in 1987, in which it was re-designated as a voluntary and optional auxiliary language.<ref>Article XIV, Sec 7: "For purposes of communication and instruction, the official languages of the Philippines are Filipino and, until otherwise provided by law, English. The regional languages are the auxiliary official languages in the regions and shall serve as auxiliary media of instruction therein. <u>Spanish</u> and Arabic shall be promoted on a voluntary and optional basis."</ref> Additionally, the constitution, in its Article XIV, stipulates that [[Government of the Philippines|the government]] shall provide the people of the Philippines with a Spanish-language translation of the country's constitution.<ref>Article XIV, Sec 8: "This Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and English and shall be translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and <u>Spanish</u>."</ref> In recent years changing attitudes among non-Spanish speaking Filipinos have helped spur a revival of the language,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rodríguez-Ponga |first1=Rafael |title=New Prospects for the Spanish Language in the Philippines |url=http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/web/rielcano_en/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/elcano/elcano_in/zonas_in/spanish+language+culture/ari27-2009#.VPUs_lPF9l8 |access-date=1 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402171759/http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/web/rielcano_en/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=%2Felcano%2Felcano_in%2Fzonas_in%2Fspanish+language+culture%2Fari27-2009#.VPUs_lPF9l8 |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/264032/news/nation/pnoy-and-spains-queen-sofia-welcome-return-of-spanish-language-in-phl-schools |title=PNoy (President Benigno Aquino III) and Spain's Queen Sofia welcome return of Spanish language in Philippine schools |first=Amita O. |last=Legaspi |date=3 July 2012 |publisher=GMA News |access-date=8 August 2013 |url-status=live |archive-date=7 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707011008/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/264032/news/nation/pnoy-and-spains-queen-sofia-welcome-return-of-spanish-language-in-phl-schools}}</ref> and starting in 2009 Spanish was reintroduced as part of the basic education curriculum in a number of public high schools, becoming the largest foreign language program offered by the public school system,<ref>{{Cite news | title=Spanish Language Program in Philippine Public Secondary Schools | url=https://www.seameo-innotech.org/portfolio_page/spanish-language-program-in-philippine-public-secondary-schools/ | publisher=[[Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization|SEAMEO Regional Center for Educational Innovation and Technology]] | access-date=May 8, 2023 | archive-date=22 January 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122225404/https://www.seameo-innotech.org/portfolio_page/spanish-language-program-in-philippine-public-secondary-schools/ | url-status=live}}</ref> with over 7,000 students studying the language in the 2021–2022 school year alone.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Studying – In the Philippines |url=https://www.educacionyfp.gob.es/filipinas/en_PH/estudiar/en-filipinas |publisher=[[Ministry of Education (Spain)|Ministry of Education and Vocational Training of Spain]] |access-date=May 8, 2023 |archive-date=April 8, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408125717/https://www.educacionyfp.gob.es/filipinas/en_PH/estudiar/en-filipinas}}</ref> The [[business process outsourcing in the Philippines|local business process outsourcing industry]] has also helped boost the language's economic prospects.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Weedon |first=Alan |title=The Philippines is fronting up to its Spanish heritage, and for some it's paying off |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-08-10/inside-the-push-to-bring-back-spanish-into-the-philippines/11356590 |publisher=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News and Current Affairs]] |date=August 10, 2019 |access-date=January 18, 2022 |archive-date=12 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211212035502/https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-08-10/inside-the-push-to-bring-back-spanish-into-the-philippines/11356590 |url-status=live}}</ref> Today, while the actual number of proficient Spanish speakers is around 400,000, or under 0.5% of the population,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/10/06/opinion/columnists/spanish-is-an-endangered-filipino-language/776874|title=Spanish is an endangered Filipino language|first=Jorge|last=Mojarro |date=6 October 2020 |publisher=The Manila Times |access-date=18 January 2022|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118101358/https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/10/06/opinion/columnists/spanish-is-an-endangered-filipino-language/776874|url-status=live}}</ref> a new generation of Spanish speakers in the Philippines has likewise emerged, though speaker estimates vary widely.<ref>{{cite thesis |type=Master |last=Andrés Barrenechea |first=Clarissa |title=La enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera en Filipinas. Estudio de caso de la Universidad Ateneo de Manila |trans-title=The Teaching of Spanish as a Foreign Language in the Philippines: Case Study of the Ateneo de Manila University |language=es |url=https://revista.carayanpress.com/resources/RF-CBarrenechea.pdf |publisher=[[Autonomous University of Zacatecas]] |date=June 2013 |access-date=May 8, 2023 |archive-date=10 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230410005950/https://revista.carayanpress.com/resources/RF-CBarrenechea.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> Aside from standard Spanish, a Spanish-based creole language called [[Chavacano]] developed in the southern Philippines. However, it is not mutually intelligible with Spanish.<ref>Spanish creole:{{cite book |author=Rafael Rodríguez-Ponga |title=Pero ¿cuántos hablan español en Filipinas? |date=January 2003 |pages=54, 55 |url=http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01350553135573500088680/209438_0013.pdf |publisher=Cervantes virtual |access-date=1 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806190230/http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01350553135573500088680/209438_0013.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2009 |url-status=live}} <!-- original reference title does not agree with URL, I did my best, here it is as it was: {{Citation |first=Antonio |last=Quilis |title=La lengua española en Filipinas |year=1996 |page=54 and 55 |url=http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01350553135573500088680/209438_0013.pdf |publisher=Cervantes virtual |access-date=1 December 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806190230/http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/servlet/SirveObras/01350553135573500088680/209438_0013.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2009 |url-status=live}} --></ref> The number of Chavacano-speakers was estimated at 1.2 million in 1996.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Rubino|2008|p=279}}</ref> The local [[languages of the Philippines]] also retain significant Spanish influence, with many words derived from [[Mexican Spanish]], owing to the administration of the islands by Spain through [[New Spain]] until 1821, until direct governance from Madrid afterwards to 1898.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.thecorpusjuris.com/laws/constitutions/8-philippineconstitutions/68-1973-constitution.html|title=1973 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines|publisher=The corpus juris |access-date=6 April 2008|at=Article XV, Section 3(3)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080417201402/http://www.thecorpusjuris.com/laws/constitutions/8-philippineconstitutions/68-1973-constitution.html|archive-date=17 April 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Spanish Influence on Language, Culture, and Philippine History |url=http://filipinokastila.tripod.com/FilSpa.html |access-date=15 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150305163610/http://filipinokastila.tripod.com/FilSpa.html |archive-date=5 March 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> ===Oceania=== [[File:Parque Nacional Rapa Nui.jpg|thumb|Announcement in Spanish on [[Easter Island]], welcoming visitors to [[Rapa Nui National Park]]]] Spanish is the official and most spoken language on [[Easter Island]], which is geographically part of [[Polynesia]] in Oceania and politically part of [[Chile]]. However, Easter Island's traditional language is [[Rapa Nui language|Rapa Nui]], an [[Polynesian languages|Eastern Polynesian language]]. As a legacy of comprising the former [[Spanish East Indies]], Spanish loan words are present in the local languages of [[Guam]], [[Northern Mariana Islands]], [[Palau]], [[Marshall Islands]] and [[Federated States of Micronesia|Micronesia]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.als.asn.au/proceedings/als2005/engelberg-german.pdf |title=The Influence of German on the Lexicon of Palauan and Kosraean (Dissertation) |last=Engelberg |first=Stefan |access-date=23 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221131940/http://www.als.asn.au/proceedings/als2005/engelberg-german.pdf |archive-date=21 December 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Spanish language in Philippines|url=http://www.spanish-in-the-world.net/Spanish/philippines.php|access-date=1 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318055051/http://www.spanish-in-the-world.net/Spanish/philippines.php|archive-date=18 March 2015}}</ref> In addition, in Australia and New Zealand, there are native Spanish communities, resulting from emigration from Spanish-speaking countries (mainly from the [[Southern Cone]]).<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_34.pdf |title=cvc.cervantes (Spanish in Australia and New Zealand) |access-date=25 May 2022 |archive-date=16 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220616051405/https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_34.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> === Spanish speakers by country === 20 countries and one United States territory speak Spanish officially, and the language has a significant unofficial presence in the rest of the United States along with Andorra, Belize and the territory of Gibraltar. {| class="wikitable sortable"<!-- If you can make the "sort" function work according to numerical values, then change "wikitable" above back to "wikitable sortable". See Talk/"Spanish speakers by country" table sort doesn't work properly --> |+Worldwide Spanish fluency (<span style="background:#efefef;">grey</span> and * signifies official language) |- ! style="background:#efff;" |Country ! style="background:#efff;"data-sort-type="number" |Population<ref>{{cite web| url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm| title=UN 2011 to 2100 estimate| format=MS Excel PDF| work=UN Population data| access-date=7 February 2018| archive-date=10 May 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150510051033/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm| url-status=live}}</ref> ! style="background:#efff;""width:23%;" data-sort-type="number" |Speakers of Spanish as a native language <ref name="viva18">{{cite report |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_24/el_espanol_en_el_mundo_anuario_instituto_cervantes_2024.pdf |title=El español: una lengua viva – Informe 2024 |last=Fernández Vítores |first=David |date=2024 |publisher=[[Instituto Cervantes]]}} 498.5 million people have a native command of Spanish. 77.9 million people have limited Spanish proficiency. 24.2 million people are learning the Spanish language. 600.6 million people are potential users of Spanish worldwide, 7.5% (pages 26 and 69).</ref><ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ cia.gov]</ref><ref>Ethnologue, 18th Ed.: [[:es:Anexo:Hablantes de español según Ethnologue (edición 18)]].</ref> ! style="background:#efff;""width:22%;" data-sort-type="number" | Native speakers and proficient speakers as a second language <ref name="viva18"/><ref name="Eurob2023b">{{cite web| url = https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2979 | title = Europeans and their Languages | year = 2023 |publisher= European Union (eurobarometer) | pages= 11, 58}} Reports and documents - Data annex - Europeans and their languages - page 58. The source offers percentages of people over 12 years old in each EU country, who speak Spanish at a very good level (page 58). Of the total EU population over 12 years old, 9% are native Spanish speakers, another 3% have a very good level of Spanish, and a total of 17% can hold a conversation in Spanish (page 54). Therefore, native and very good Spanish speakers account for 12% (9%+3%).</ref> ! style="background:#efff;" "width:22%;" data-sort-type="number" |Total number of Spanish speakers <small>(including limited competence speakers)</small><ref name="viva18"/><ref name="Eurob2023">{{cite web | url = https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2979 | title = Eurobarometer: Report: Europeans and their languages |publisher=European Union | year = 2023 | pages = 11, 21| language = en}} Native and non native people who speak Spanish well enough in order to be able to have a conversation.</ref><ref name="DemografíaLengEsp">{{Cite web | url = http://eprints.ucm.es/8936/1/DT03-06.pdf | title = Demografía de la lengua española | page = 10 | language = es | access-date = 23 February 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100923081035/http://eprints.ucm.es/8936/1/DT03-06.pdf | archive-date = 23 September 2010 | url-status = live}}, to countries with official Spanish status.</ref> |- | [[Mexico]]* | {{formatnum:133367428}}<ref>{{Cite web | title=2025 population estimate| publisher=CONAPO estimate| url=https://conapo.segob.gob.mx/work/models/CONAPO/pry23/PP/index.html |language=es}}</ref> | {{formatnum:125098647}} (93.8%)<ref name="CIAMexico">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico/#people-and-society |publisher=CIA |title=Mexico |work=The World Factbook |access-date=1 May 2011 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126164719/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/mexico |url-status=live}}: Spanish only 92.7%</ref> |{{formatnum:125632117}} (94.2%)<ref name="viva18"/> |{{formatnum:132300489}} (99.2%)<ref name="CIAMexico" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[United States]] | {{formatnum:334914895}}<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-releases/2023/population-trends-return-to-pre-pandemic-norms.html | publisher = Census Bureau | title = (1 July, 2023) | access-date = | archive-date = 4 March 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210304225837/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=hispanics&tid=ACSDP1Y2019.DP05 | url-status = live}}</ref> |{{formatnum:43369734}} <small>(13.7% of 316,581,199)</small> <ref>Spanish speakers older than 5 years old ({{Cite web | url = https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=LANGUAGE%20SPOKEN%20AT%20HOME%20%20&tid=ACSST1Y2023.S1601&t=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home | year = 2023 | title = Language Spoken at Home| publisher = United States Census Bureau. }})</ref> |{{formatnum:47576361}} <small>(15.0% of 316,581,199)</small>{{efn|75% of U.S. Hispanics speak Spanish very well or pretty well (according to a 2022 survey).<ref name="Taylor 2022">{{cite web |last=Taylor |first=Paul |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2023/09/20/latinos-views-of-and-experiences-with-the-spanish-language/ |title=Latinos’ Views of and Experiences With the Spanish Language |date=2022 |publisher=pewhispanic.org}}</ref> There were 65.1 million Hispanics in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=race&tid=ACSDP1Y2023.DP05 |title=Census Bureau (01/July/2023) |publisher=Census.gov}}</ref> of which 60,196,875 are over 5 years old,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2023.B01001I?q=B01001I:+Sex+by+Age+(Hispanic+or+Latino) |title=Census Bureau (01/July/2023) |publisher=Census.gov}}</ref> as of 2023. There were also another 2.4 mill. non-Hispanic Spanish speakers at home older than 5 years old (5.6% of 43,369,734) as of 2023.<ref name="lenguaviva.org">[https://lenguaviva.org/espa%C3%B1ol%3A-una-lengua-viva-1 lenguaviva.org] (page 10)</ref> In 2011, a similar survey tells that 82% of U.S. Hispanics speak Spanish very well or pretty well, and there were another 2.8 million non Hispanics who speak Spanish at home.<ref>[https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2012/04/04/iv-language-use-among-latinos/ pewresearch.org] (Language Use among Latinos)</ref>}} |{{formatnum:58869734}} <small>(17.9% of 316,581,199)</small>{{efn|43.4 million as a first language + 15.5 million as a second language. To avoid double counting, the number does not include 8 million Spanish students and some of the 7.7 million undocumented Hispanics not accounted by the Census.}}<ref name="viva18" />{{efn|90% of U.S. Hispanics know how to speak at least a little Spanish (according to a 2022 survey).<ref name="Taylor 2022">{{cite web |last=Taylor |first=Paul |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/race-and-ethnicity/2023/09/20/latinos-views-of-and-experiences-with-the-spanish-language/ |title=Latinos’ Views of and Experiences With the Spanish Language |date=2022 |publisher=pewhispanic.org}}</ref> There were 65.1 million Hispanics in the U.S.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=race&tid=ACSDP1Y2023.DP05 |title=Census Bureau (01/July/2023) |publisher=Census.gov}}</ref> of which 60,196,875 are over 5 years old,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSDT1Y2023.B01001I?q=B01001I:+Sex+by+Age+(Hispanic+or+Latino) |title=Census Bureau (01/July/2023) |publisher=Census.gov}}</ref> as of 2023. There were also another 2.4 mill. non-Hispanic Spanish speakers at home older than 5 years old (5.6% of 43,369,734) as of 2023.<ref name="lenguaviva.org">[https://lenguaviva.org/espa%C3%B1ol%3A-una-lengua-viva-1 lenguaviva.org] (page 10)</ref> Total number of people who speak at least a little Spanish: 56,605,892. Non-Hispanic Spanish speakers in the U.S. are not included (except those who speak it at home).}} |- |[[Colombia]]* |{{formatnum:53110609}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dane.gov.co/files/censo2018/proyecciones-de-poblacion/Nacional/DCD-area-proypoblacion-Nac-2020-2070.xlsx |date=1 January 2025 |title=Proyecciones de Población de DANE de 2020-2070 (DANE Population Projections 2020-2070)|publisher=Dane |location=CO |language=es |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322235136/https://www.dane.gov.co/index.php/estadisticas-por-tema/demografia-y-poblacion/proyecciones-de-poblacion|archive-date=22 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> |colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:52090885}} (98.1%)<ref name="viva18" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.datosmundial.com/america/colombia/index.php |title=datosmundial.com (Colombia) |access-date=24 October 2023}}</ref> | 52 962 217 (99.7%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 148,392 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Spain]]* | {{formatnum:49153849}}<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736177095&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735572981| title = Census INE estimate for 1 April 2025 | archive-date = 2022-01-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220113005818/https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=36643| url-status = live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:42075695}} (85.6%)<ref name="INEespañol">[https://www.ine.es/prensa/ecepov_2021.pdf INE (2021)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231102180735/https://www.ine.es/prensa/ecepov_2021.pdf |date=2 November 2023}}: In Spain, 85.6% speak Spanish always or frequently in family (77.1% always and 8.5% frequently), 96% speak Spanish well, and 99.5% understand and speak, albeit with difficulty .</ref> | {{formatnum:47187695}} (96%)<ref name="INEespañol" /> | {{formatnum:48908080}} (99.5%)<ref name="INEespañol" /> |- | [[Argentina]]* | {{formatnum:47473760}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indec.gob.ar%2Fftp%2Fcuadros%2Fpoblacion%2Fc1_proyecciones_nac_2010_2040.xls&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |title=Argentinian census INDEC estimate for 2025 |date = 2025}}</ref> | {{formatnum:45574810}} (96.0%)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.datosmundial.com/america/argentina/index.php |title=datosmundial.com (Argentina) |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=17 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417002409/https://www.datosmundial.com/america/argentina/index.php |url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:46856601}} (98.7%)<ref name="viva18" /> |{{formatnum:47188917}} (99.4%)<ref name="DemografíaLengEsp" /> |- | [[Peru]]* | {{formatnum:34412393}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.inei.gob.pe/media/principales_indicadores/libro_1.pdf | language = es | title = Estimación y proyección de la población 1950-2050 | trans-title = Population estimation and projection 1950-2050 | year = 2025 | publisher = INEI | page = 140 }}</ref> | {{formatnum:28527874}} (82.9%)<ref>{{Cite web | quote = Spanish (official) 84.1%, Quechua (official) 13%, Aymara 1.7%, Ashaninka 0.3%, other native languages (includes a large number of minor Amazonian languages) 0.7%, other 0.2% | year = 2017 | work = The World factbook | title=Peru | url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru/ | publisher = CIA | access-date = 4 October 2011 | archive-date = 19 November 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211119135020/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/peru/ | url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | quote = There are 5,782,260 people who speak other language as mother tongue (main languages: Quechua (among 32 Quechua's varieties) 4,773,900, Aymara (2 varieties) 661,000, Chinese 100,000). | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=pe | title = Peru | publisher = Ethnologue | access-date = 21 September 2011 | archive-date = 2 December 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111202105534/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=pe | url-status = live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:29594658}} (86.6%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:30600340}} (88.9%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 335,576 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Venezuela]]* | 28,460,000 <ref>{{cite web|url=https://population.un.org/wpp/|title=World Population Prospects 2024 (2024-2050)|publisher=UN |date=2025}}</ref> |colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:27720040}} (97.4%)<ref name="viva18" /><ref>{{Cite web | quote = There are 1,098,244 people who speak other language as their mother tongue (main languages: Chinese 400,000, Portuguese 254,000, Wayuu 199,000, Arabic 110,000) | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/country/VE/languages | publisher = Ethnologue | title = Venezuela | access-date = 30 May 2013 | archive-date = 10 March 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130310032805/http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ve/languages | url-status = dead}}</ref> |{{formatnum:28240466}} (99.2%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 219,534 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Chile]]* | {{formatnum:20206953}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censo2017.cl%2Fdescargas%2Fproyecciones%2Festimaciones-y-proyecciones-chile-1992-2050-base-2017-poblacion-e-indicacores.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK | title = Census estimate for 1992 to 2050 | trans-title = Reports | publisher = INE | year = 2025 | language = es }}</ref> |colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:19317847}} (95.6%)<ref name="viva18" /><ref>{{Cite web | quote = There are 281,600 people who speak another language, mainly Mapudungun (250.000) |url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CL | title = Chile | publisher = Ethnologue | access-date = 12 October 2011 | archive-date = 3 February 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130203004338/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=CL | url-status = live}}</ref> |{{formatnum:19945772}} (99.6%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 85,869 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Ecuador]]* | {{formatnum:18013000}}<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://proyeccionespoblacionales.ecudatanalytics.com/ | title=Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Census | date = 2025}}</ref> | {{formatnum:16877244}} (93.7%)<ref name="viva18" /> |{{formatnum:17474448}} (97.0%){{efn|People with Spanish limited competence in Ecuador: 537,552. Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 451,533 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |{{formatnum:17642817}} (98.6%)<ref>{{cite web |author=CIA Factbook |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ecuador/ |title=(2019) |publisher=CIA Factbook |date=19 February 1999 |access-date=24 March 2014 |archive-date=10 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110072816/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ecuador |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | [[Guatemala]]* | {{formatnum:18079810}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ine.gob.gt%2Fine%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F08%2FEstimaciones_y_proyecciones_de_poblacion-1950-2050.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |title=Guatemala: Estimaciones y proyecciones de población 1950–2050. |language=es |website=www.oj.gob.gt |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estadística | date=2025 }}</ref> | {{formatnum:12637787}} (69.9%)<ref>{{Cite web | title=Guatemala | quote = Spanish (official) 69.9%, Amerindian languages 40% | work = The World Factbook | url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guatemala/ | publisher = CIA | access-date = 27 January 2021 | archive-date = 15 April 2021 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210415030536/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/guatemala/ | url-status = live}}</ref> |{{formatnum:13722576}} (75.9%)<ref name="viva18" /> |{{formatnum:16440943}} (90.8%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 1,638,867 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Bolivia]]* | {{formatnum:12332252}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ine.gob.bo/index.php/censos-y-proyecciones-de-poblacion-sociales/ |title=Census INE estimate for 2024 |publisher=INE}}</ref> | {{formatnum:7485677}} (60.7%)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bolivia/|title=South America :: Bolivia — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency|website=www.cia.gov|access-date=13 March 2020|archive-date=27 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927041747/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bolivia/|url-status=live}}</ref> |{{formatnum:9927463}} (80.5%)<ref name="viva18" /> |{{formatnum:12064523}} (97.8%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 267,729 (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Cuba]]* | {{formatnum:11089511}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.onei.gob.cu/node/13815 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211142555/http://www.onei.gob.cu/node/13815 |archive-date=11 December 2020 |website=ONEI |title=31 December 2022 estimation}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:10996367}} (99.2%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:10996367}} (99.2%)<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Dominican Republic]]* | {{formatnum:10878267}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.one.gob.do%2Fmedia%2Fc2bh3ckv%2Fcuadro-estimaciones-y-proyecciones-poblaci%25C3%25B3n-total-por-a%25C3%25B1o-seg%25C3%25BAn-sexo-edad-2000-2030.xlsx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK |title=Census ONE estimate 2000-2030 |language=es |publisher=Oficina Nacional de Estadística |date=2025}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum:10323475}} (94.9%)<ref name="viva18" /> |{{formatnum:10747728}} (98.8%)<ref name="DemografíaLengEsp" /> |- | [[Honduras]]* | {{formatnum:10039862}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://181.115.7.199/binhnd/RpWebEngine.exe/Portal?BASE=PROYPOB&lang=ESP |title=INE estimate |date=2025}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:9549917}} (95.1%)<ref name="viva18" /><ref>There are 207,750 people who speak another language, mainly Garifuna (98,000).: [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=HN Ethnologue] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013214744/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=HN |date=13 October 2011}}</ref> | {{formatnum:9949503}} (99.1%)<ref name="DemografíaLengEsp" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[France]] | {{formatnum:68381000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/serie/001641607|title=INSEE estimate to 2024|publisher=Insee.fr|date=2024}}</ref> | {{formatnum:557001}} <small>(1% of 55 700 114)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/><ref>There are more than {{formatnum:433000}} emigrants from predominantly Spanish-speaking countries in France, of which 93.6% speak native Spanish ([https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_24/el_espanol_en_el_mundo_anuario_instituto_cervantes_2024.pdf.pdf Inst. Cerv. Anuario 2024]): {{formatnum:310072}} Spaniards ([https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/p85001/serie/l0/&file=01001.px INE, 2025]) + {{formatnum:31151}} Colombians + {{formatnum:16473}} Chileans + {{formatnum:14807}} Argentines + {{formatnum:13390}} Mexicans + {{formatnum:13361}} Peruvians + {{formatnum:7249}} Venezuelans + {{formatnum:5466}} Cubans + {{formatnum:4730}} Ecuatorians + 3,992 Dominicans + {{formatnum:3598}} Bolivians + 3,423 Guatemalans + {{formatnum:2784}} Uruguayans + {{formatnum:1178}} Paraguayans ([https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/migracion/inmigracion/francia datosmacro 2020]). On the other hand, we should consider Spanish emigrants who have become French citizens and still speak Spanish, or the descendants of Spanish emigrants born in France who speak Spanish at home.</ref> | {{formatnum:1910258}} <small>(4% of 55 700 114)</small>{{efn|3% of people in France older than 12, speak Spanish very well, and 1% speak Spanish as a native language.}}<ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:7798016}} <small>(14% of 55 700 114)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- | [[Nicaragua]]* | {{formatnum:6803886}}<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.inide.gob.ni/docs/Anuarios/Anuario2022/ANUARIO_ESTADISTICO2022.pdf| title = Census estimate for 2023}}</ref> | {{formatnum:6484103}} (95.3%)<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/nicaragua/ www.cia.gov]</ref><ref>There are 490,124 people who speak another language, mainly Mískito (154,000).: [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=NI Ethnologue] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115100732/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=NI |date=15 January 2013}}</ref> | {{formatnum:6599769}} (97.1%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:6734219}} (98.9%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 69,667. (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Paraguay]]* | {{formatnum:6417076}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ine.gov.py/publication-single.php?codec=266|title=Census estimate 1950-2050| date=2025}}</ref> | {{formatnum:3946502}} (61.5%)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/paraguay/|title=South America :: Paraguay — The World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency|website=www.cia.gov|access-date=18 March 2020|archive-date=31 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181231111825/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pa.html|url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:4318692}} (67.3%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:6397823}} (99,7%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 19,253. Indigenous population that have limited competence: 2,456,048 (page 45, 34 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /><ref>{{cite web| url = https://es.ripleybelieves.com/what-languages-are-spoken-in-paraguay-1238| title = es.ripleybelieves.com| access-date = 14 January 2022| archive-date = 15 January 2022| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220115062719/https://es.ripleybelieves.com/what-languages-are-spoken-in-paraguay-1238| url-status = live}}</ref> |- | [[El Salvador]]* | {{formatnum:6029976}}<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censo2024.bcr.gob.sv/wp-content/uploads/tablas-geoportal/presentacion-de-resultados-censo-de-poblacion-y-vivienda-el-salvador-2024-segunda-entrega.pdf| title = Census estimate for 2024}}</ref> | {{formatnum:6015876}}<ref>There are 14,100 people who speak other language as their mother tongue (main language, Kekchí with 12,300 speakers): [http://www.ethnologue.com/country/SV Ethnologue] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160207044049/http://www.ethnologue.com/country/SV |date=7 February 2016}}.</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:6023946}} (99.9%)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Brazil]] | {{formatnum:212584000}}<ref>{{Cite web | language = pt-br | trans-title = The IBGE publishes the population estimates for 1 July 2024 | url = https://www.ibge.gov.br/apps/populacao/projecao/index.html | title = IBGE population estimations | year = 2024}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:522443}}<ref name="viva18" /><ref>There are {{formatnum:1554744}} emigrants from predominantly Spanish-speaking countries in Brazil ([https://www.nepo.unicamp.br/observatorio/bancointerativo/numeros-imigracao-internacional/sincre-sismigra/ nepo.unicamp.br 2024]), of which 93.6% speak native Spanish ([https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_24/el_espanol_en_el_mundo_anuario_instituto_cervantes_2024.pdf.pdf Inst. Cerv. Anuario 2024]): {{formatnum:672894}} Venezuelans + {{formatnum:187562}} Bolivians + {{formatnum:143928}} Spaniards ([https://www.ine.es/jaxi/Datos.htm?path=/t20/p85001/serie/l0/&file=01001.px INE, 2025]) + {{formatnum:108587}} Colombians + {{formatnum:106271}} Argentines + {{formatnum:68650}} Paraguayans + {{formatnum:65976}} Cubans + {{formatnum:61033}} Peruvians + {{formatnum:59562}} Uruguayans + {{formatnum:25064}} Mexicans + {{formatnum:24393}} Chileans + {{formatnum:14793}} Ecuatorians + 4,793 Dominicans + 2,962 Hondurans + 2,179 Costa Ricans + 1,905 Guatemalans. Total Native Spanish speakers 1,454,676.</ref> | {{formatnum:6192887}}{{efn|522,443 immigrants native speakers + 170,444 descendants of Spanish immigrants + 5,500,000 can hold a conversation (pages 52 and 54 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024"). To avoid double counting, the number does not include 4,048,338 Spanish students in Brazil (page 59).}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Germany]] | {{formatnum:83190556}}<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bevoelkerung/Bevoelkerungsstand/Tabellen/zensus-geschlecht-staatsangehoerigkeit-2020.html | title = German census | date = 2020 | publisher = Destatis | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160628112855/https://www.destatis.de/EN/FactsFigures/SocietyState/Population/CurrentPopulation/Tables/Census_SexAndCitizenship.html | archive-date = 28 June 2016 | url-status = live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:716772}} <small>(1% of 71 677 231)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/><ref>Native command group (GDL): 266,955 non-nationalized Spanish-speaking immigrants, 63,752 nationalized Spanish-speaking immigrants, 44,500 Spanish speakers of children of immigrants (second generation). 375,207 total native speakers, but there are another 37,047 non-mother-tongue speakers with native-level skills. [https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/espanol_lengua_viva/pdf/espanol_lengua_viva_2020.pdf Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2020 (page 325). "Germany and their Spanish speakers"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200218134448/https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/espanol_lengua_viva/pdf/espanol_lengua_viva_2019.pdf |date=18 February 2020}}</ref> | {{formatnum:2150317}} <small>(3% of 71 677 231)</small>{{efn|2% of people in Germany older than 12, speak Spanish very well, and 1% speak Spanish as a native language.}}<ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:5734178}} <small>(8% of 71 677 231)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- | [[Costa Rica]]* | {{formatnum:5327387}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inec.cr/poblacion/estimaciones-y-proyecciones-de-poblacion |title=INEC estimate for 2024 |publisher=INEC}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:5268786}} (98.9%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:5326600}} (99.9%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 897. (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Panama]]* | {{formatnum:4565559}}<ref>[https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.inec.gob.pa%2Farchivos%2FP4911CUADRO9.XLS&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK Census INEC estimate for 2025]</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:3944643}} (86.4)<ref name="viva18" /><ref>There are 501,043 people who speak another language as mother tongue: {{Cite web | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=PA | title = PA | publisher = Ethnologue | access-date = 17 October 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111021142552/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=PA | archive-date = 21 October 2011 | url-status = live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:4495892}} (98.4%){{efn|Indigenous population that does not speak Spanish: 69,667. (page 44 of "Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2024").}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Uruguay]]* | {{formatnum:3499451}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gub.uy/instituto-nacional-estadistica/censos2023pvh |title=INE estimate for 2023}}</ref> | {{formatnum:3348975}} (95.7%)<ref>[https://www.datosmundial.com/america/uruguay/index.php datosmundial.com]</ref><ref>There are 150,200 people who speak another language as mother tongue, {{Cite web | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=UY | title = UY | publisher = Ethnologue | access-date = 17 October 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111116095609/http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=UY | archive-date = 16 November 2011 | url-status = live}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:3467956}} (99.1%)<ref name="viva18" /> |- | [[Puerto Rico]]* | {{formatnum:3203295}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/PR/PST045224 |title=2024 US. census Bureau }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:3049537}} (95.2%)<ref>([https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST1Y2023.S1601?q=race&t=Language%20Spoken%20at%20Home&g=040XX00US72&y=2023 Census Bureau 2023] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924081747/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/municipios/totals/2011/tables/PRM-EST2011-01.xls |date=24 September 2015}})</ref> | {{formatnum:3200092}} (99.9%)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[United Kingdom]] | {{formatnum:68265209}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/bulletins/annualmidyearpopulationestimates/latest |title=Annual Mid year Population Estimates: 2023 |publisher=U.K. Gov. Census |date=1 July 2023}}</ref> | {{formatnum:215062}} (0.4%)<ref>[[Languages of the United Kingdom]]</ref> | {{formatnum:518480}} <small>(1% of 51,848,010)</small><ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 goodspeakers">[https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/1049 Eurobarometr 2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429224902/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_anx_en.pdf |date=29 April 2013}} (pages T74, TS2): Non native people who speak Spanish very well.</ref> | {{formatnum:3110880}} <small>(6% of 51,848,010)</small><ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers">[http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_anx_en.pdf Eurobarometr 2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429224902/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_anx_en.pdf |date=29 April 2013}} (page T64): Non native people who speak Spanish well enough in order to be able to have a conversation.</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Italy]] | {{formatnum:60542215}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.istat.it/en/population-and-households |title=Census 2021 estimate|publisher=Istat.it |access-date=24 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150807053109/http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1 |archive-date=7 August 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:515597}} <small>(1% of 51,862,391)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> | {{formatnum:1546790}} <small>(3% of 51,862,391)</small>{{efn|2% of people in Italy older than 12, speak Spanish very well, and 1% speak Spanish as a native language.}}<ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:3093580}} <small>(6% of 51,862,391)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Canada]] | {{formatnum:41465298}}<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1710000901 | title = Population estimates, quarterly | date = 2024 | publisher = Statistics Canada }}</ref> | {{formatnum:600795}} (1.6%)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/dv-vd/language-langue/index-en.html |title=Mother tongue by geography, 2021 Census |date=2021 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=14 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114071602/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/dv-vd/language-langue/index-en.html |url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:1171450}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810021601&pickMembers%5B0%5D=1.1&pickMembers%5B1%5D=2.1&pickMembers%5B2%5D=3.1&pickMembers%5B3%5D=4.1 |title=Knowledge of languages by age and gender: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions |date=2022 |publisher=Statistics Canada |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=22 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240122225258/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810021601&pickMembers%5B0%5D=1.1&pickMembers%5B1%5D=2.1&pickMembers%5B2%5D=3.1&pickMembers%5B3%5D=4.1 |url-status=live}}</ref> (3.2%)<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/canada/#people-and-society cia.gov] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922212931/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/canada/#people-and-society |date=22 September 2021}} (3.2% speak Spanish in Canada)</ref> | {{formatnum:1775000}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.tln.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/spanish-speaking-canada-population_2.pdf |title=tln.ca |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=7 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207190552/https://www.tln.ca/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/spanish-speaking-canada-population_2.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://allontario.ca/the-importance-of-spanish-in-canada/ |title=allontario.ca |date=14 May 2020 |access-date=24 October 2023 |archive-date=27 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230927175639/https://allontario.ca/the-importance-of-spanish-in-canada/ |url-status=live}}</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Morocco]] | {{formatnum:36828330}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hcp.ma/Population-legale-du-Royaume-du-Maroc-repartie-par-regions-provinces-et-prefectures-et-communes-selon-les-resultats-du_a3974.html|title=Census estimate for 2024|publisher=HCP}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:12774}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:1754485}}<ref name="viva18" /><ref>[http://www.slideshare.net/magdarol/el-espaol-en-el-contexto-sociolingstico-marroqui-evolucin-y-perspectivas-i El español en el contexto Sociolingüístico marroquí: Evolución y perspectivas (page 39)]: Between 4 and 7 million people have Spanish knowledge (M. Ammadi, 2002) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131106191132/http://www.slideshare.net/magdarol/el-espaol-en-el-contexto-sociolingstico-marroqui-evolucin-y-perspectivas-i |date=6 November 2013}}</ref> (10%)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Embajadas/RABAT/es/Noticias/Documents/LENGESPMARR.pdf |title=Euromonitor, 2012|page=32|work=exteriores.gob.es|access-date=19 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150425134251/http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Embajadas/RABAT/es/Noticias/Documents/LENGESPMARR.pdf|archive-date=25 April 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Netherlands]] | {{formatnum:18070000}}<ref>{{cite web |date=24 March 2025 |title=Bevolkingsteller: Hoeveel mensen wonen nu in Nederland? |trans-title=Population counter: How many people live in the Netherlands now? |url=https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/visualisaties/dashboard-bevolking/bevolkingsteller |access-date=24 March 2025 |publisher=Cbs.nl}}</ref> | | | {{formatnum:1328731}} <small>(9% of 14 763 684)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- | [[Equatorial Guinea]]* | {{formatnum:1505588}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://inege.gq/ |title=Equatorial Guinea census estimate |year=2021 |publisher=Population statistics |access-date=21 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100806160229/http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/estadistica.php |archive-date=6 August 2010 |url-status=live}}</ref> | | {{formatnum:1114135}} (74%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:1320401}} (87.7%)<ref>[https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_08.pdf cvc.cervantes.es]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227153232/https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_08.pdf |date=27 December 2021}}. 13.7% of the country's Spanish speakers are proficient; the remaining 74% are limited-competence speakers.</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Portugal]] | {{formatnum:10639726}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_destaques&DESTAQUESdest_boui=645507713&DESTAQUESmodo=2 |title=INE estimate |date=31 Dec 2023}}</ref> | {{formatnum:48791}}<ref name="port" /> | {{formatnum:178312}} <small>(2% of 8,915,624)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:1089995}}<ref name="port" >{{Cite web |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/espanol_europa/espanol_portugal/demolinguistica_espanol_portugal.pdf |title= Demo lingüística del español en Portugal |publisher= Instituto Cervantes | page = 31 |access-date=2 December 2023 |archive-date=22 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231222110248/https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/espanol_europa/espanol_portugal/demolinguistica_espanol_portugal.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Belgium]] | {{formatnum:11812354}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/fileadmin/user_upload/fr/pop/statistiques/population-bevolking-20250101.pdf |title=Census estimate to 2025 |publisher=ibz.rrn.fgov.be}}</ref> | {{formatnum:96193}} <small>(1% of 9,619,330)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> | {{formatnum:192387}} <small>(2% of 9,619,330)</small>{{efn|1% of people in Belgium older than 12, speak Spanish very well, and 1% speak Spanish as a native language.}}<ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:961933}} <small>(10% of 9,619,330)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Sweden]] | {{formatnum:10588230}}<ref>[http://www.scb.se/Pages/Product____25799.aspx 2012 census]{{webarchive |url=https://www.scb.se/en/BE0101-en |date=November 2024}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:85415}} <small>(1% of 8,541,497)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> | {{formatnum:854149}} <small>(10% of 8,541,497)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/>) |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Ivory Coast]] | {{formatnum:29389150}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ins.ci/n | title=Census, 2021}}</ref> | | | {{formatnum:798095}} (students)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Philippines]] | {{formatnum:114123600}}<ref>{{Cite web | url = https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/dhsd/Statistical%20Tables%20CBPP_0.pdf | publisher = National Statistics Office | title = Medium projection | date = 1 Jul 2025 }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum:4584}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:566921}}<ref name="viva18" /><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_18/madrid/p01.htm |title=cvc.cervantes.es |access-date=25 October 2023 |archive-date=16 August 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230816002359/https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_18/madrid/p01.htm |url-status=live}} There are 4,803 native Spanish speakers + 461,689 Spanish speakers with limited competence + 33,600 Spanish students.</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Australia]] | 27,309,396 <ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3101.0 |title=2024 Census |publisher= Australian census data |date=30 Sep 2024 }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:175491}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:559491}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Switzerland]] | {{formatnum:9060598}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/en/home/statistics/population/effectif-change.assetdetail.32175841.html |title=bfs.admin.ch |date=2025 }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:212970}}<ref name="viva18" />(2.3%)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/05/blank/key/sprachen.html |title=Bevölkerung |first=Bundesamt für|last=Statistik|website=www.bfs.admin.ch|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160114180444/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/05/blank/key/sprachen.html|archive-date=14 January 2016}}</ref><ref>[http://www.exteriores.gob.es/documents/fichaspais/suiza_ficha%20pais.pdf exteriores.gob.es] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220124220134/http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Documents/FichasPais/SUIZA_FICHA%20PAIS.pdf |date=24 January 2022}}. 2.3% Spanish speakers as a native language according to 2018 census.</ref> | {{formatnum:556131}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Romania]] | {{formatnum:19051562}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://insse.ro/cms/sites/default/files/com_presa/com_pdf/poprez_ian2023r.pdf |title=Eurostat (1/1/2023 estimate) |publisher=insse.ro }}</ref> | | | | {{formatnum:485241}} <small>(3 of 16,174,719)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Denmark]] | {{formatnum:5982117}}<ref>[https://www.dst.dk/en/Statistik/emner/borgere/befolkning/befolkningstal 2025 Census estimate]</ref> | | |{{formatnum:440213}} <small>(9% of 4,891,261)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- | [[Western Sahara]] | {{formatnum:590506}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://population.un.org/wpp/ | title = 2024 UN estimate | year = 2024 }}</ref> | N/A<ref>The 1970 Spanish census claims there were 16,648 Spanish speakers in Western Sahara at the time ([http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_99/otero/p03.htm#7]. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090917062525/http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_99/otero/p03.htm#7|date=17 September 2009}}), but most of them were probably people born in Spain who left after the Moroccan annexation.</ref> | | {{formatnum:423739}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Benin]] | {{formatnum:12910087}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://instad.bj/images/docs/Actualit%C3%A9s/Projection%20r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e.pdf |title=National annual projection |date=1 Jul 2024}}</ref> | | | {{formatnum:412515}} (students)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Cameroon]] | {{formatnum:28758503}}<ref>[https://ins-cameroun.cm/document/projections-demographiques-et-estimations-des-cibles-prioritaires-des-differents-programmes-et-interventions-de-sante/ 01-July-2024 Census estimate]</ref> | | | {{formatnum:403000}} (students)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Senegal]] | {{formatnum:12853259}} | | | {{formatnum:356000}} (students)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Poland]] | {{formatnum:38036118}}<ref>[https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/other-studies/informations-on-socio-economic-situation/statistical-bulletin-no-112022,4,145.html 2022 Census]</ref> | | | {{formatnum:319829}} <small>(1% of 31,982,941)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Austria]] | {{formatnum:9198214}}<ref>[https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/population-and-society/population/population-stock/population-at-beginning-of-year/quarter statistik.at] "Population at beginning of 2025/quarter"</ref> | | {{formatnum:76471}} <small>(1% of 7,647,176)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:305887}} <small>(4% of 7,647,176)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Ireland]] | {{formatnum:5380300}}<ref>[https://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-pme/populationandmigrationestimatesapril2024/ cso.ie] "Population and Migration Estimates, April 2024".</ref> | {{formatnum:40059}} <small>(1% of 4,005,909)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> | {{formatnum:120177}} <small>(3% of 4,005,909)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:280414}} <small>(7% of 4,005,909)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Belize]] | {{formatnum:430191}}<ref>{{Cite report |url=http://www.sib.org.bz/ |title=Spanish in belize |date= |language=es |access-date=3 February 2022 |archive-date=4 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204235026/http://www.sib.org.bz/ |url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:224130}} (52.1%)<ref name="Spanish in Belize">{{Cite report |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_42.pdf |title=Spanish in Belize. 52.1% speak Spanish with very well level. 10.7% speak Spanish with intermediate level. |date=2000 |language=es |access-date=3 February 2022 |archive-date=3 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220203033222/https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_42.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:224130}} (52.1%) | 270,160 (62.8%)<ref name="Spanish in Belize" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Czech Republic]] | {{formatnum:10897237}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://csu.gov.cz/home |title=czso.cz |language=cs |publisher=czso.cz |date= September 2024 }}</ref> | | {{formatnum:89820}} <small>(1% of 8,982,036)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:269461}} <small>(3% of 8,982,036)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Algeria]] | {{formatnum:47400000}}<ref>[https://www.ons.dz/IMG/pdf/Demographie_Algerienne2020_2023.pdf ons.dz], Census estimate for 1 Jan 2025.</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:1149}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:263428}}{{efn|There are 1,149 native Spanish speakers + 173,600 Spanish speakers with limited competence + 88,679 Spanish students.}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Curaçao]], [[Sint Maarten]], [[Bonaire]], [[Sint Eustatius]] & [[Saba (island)|Saba]] | 244,700 |colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | 46,621 <ref name="viva18" /> | 203,339 <ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Finland]] | {{formatnum:5638675}}<ref>[https://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vamuu/statfin_vamuu_pxt_11lj.px pxdata.stat.fi] 1-July-2024 Census estimate</ref> | | | {{formatnum:186917}} <small>(4% of 4,672,932)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Greece]] | {{formatnum:10400720}}<ref>[https://www.statistics.gr/documents/20181/b248e72c-2917-bdae-1d15-98d22787adb7 statistics.gr] 1-January-2024.</ref> | | {{formatnum:91679}} <small>(1% of 9,167,896)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:183358}} <small>(2% of 9,167,896)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Bulgaria]] | {{formatnum:6445481}}<ref>[https://www.nsi.bg/bg/content/19806/%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5/%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5-%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC-7-%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8-2021-%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0 nsi.bg] 31 Dec 2023 census estimate</ref> | | {{formatnum:59175}} <small>(1% of 5,917,534)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:177526}} <small>(3% of 5,917,534)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Gabon]] | {{formatnum:2408586}}<ref>[https://www.statgabon.ga/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Rapport-Projection_Final.pdf www.state.gov]. Census estimate for 1 July 2025.</ref> | | | {{formatnum:167410}} (students)<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Hungary]] | {{formatnum:9540000}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ksh.hu/stadat_files/nep/en/nep0001.html |title=Census estimate |publisher=ksh.hu |date= 1 January 2025 }}</ref> | | {{formatnum:83135}} <small>(1% of 8,313,539)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:166271}} <small>(2% of 8,313,539)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Russia]] | {{formatnum:146028325}}<ref>{{cite web |url= https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/PrPopul2025_Site.xlsx |title=Census estimate for 2025 |publisher=Russian census estimate |date=1 January 2025 }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum: 28924}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:163354}} <small>(134,430 students)</small><ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Japan]] | {{formatnum:123440000}}<ref>[https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/jinsui/tsuki/index.htm stat.go.jp] 1 Mar 2025 census estimate.</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:131000}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:160000}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Slovakia]] | {{formatnum:5421272}} <ref>[https://slovak.statistics.sk/wps/portal/ext/products/informationmessages/inf_sprava_detail/3ea24db8-57c6-4e4b-b535-050d5353d478/!ut/p/z1/tVLNUsIwGHwWDz2m-SApCd4Co_wIjoAI5OK0JdAKbWobW_HpTR0vzIjgwVy-ZGZ3s5sNlniJZeqX8dY3sU79vT2vZOt5wga802kIgM6IwGB4N7vvd2-bvbmHF8cAfj-9gcGjeOhNh7QB1MPyd_4TlliGqclMhFc6KPwIFTsUpxvk74wDdqPzxLopU4WKLPfLgwNloczOTqL8Jl0HHHksbCGqaIACj3gIPFjbSdaU8Vo-C-M1Xl2EXpzLW8eBE0uA5csvSLcn-pSNAPio58FA9OfT9oQQEOQb8IvGynpgJz00GF6UsarwPK1fZo9nf4zYBzw814qtPX55fZXCdqNTo94NXv5HOfaeZj7ujrc2gW-iWlrj5UVUmyEOErcKExdcxhkQxjht0nbLI6QWFmlAuBXO1UblKnffcvudI2Oy4toBB6qqcrdab_fKDXXiwE-USBc2-DESZ8k84eSAdpvxDaEyOJCPkVqIq08a31Kc/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/ slovak.statistics.sk] 2024 Census estimate.</ref> | | {{formatnum:45915}} <small>(1% of 4,591,487)</small><ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:91830}} <small>(2% of 4,591,487)</small><ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Israel]] | {{formatnum:10045100}}<ref>[https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/Statistics/Pages/Generators/Time-Series-DataBank.aspx?r=ea3bd53b-b8ef-4c4a-8f6f-8eb5e8cdb84f&uptodate=1 cbs.gov.il] Census estimate for 28 Feb 2025.</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:104000}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:149000}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Norway]] | {{formatnum:5594340}}<ref>[https://www.ssb.no/en/befolkning/folketall/statistikk/befolkning ssb.no]. Census estimate for 2025-01-01.</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum:13000}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:132888}}{{efn|There are 13,000 native Spanish speakers + 24,000 Spanish speakers with limited competence + 95,888 Spanish students.}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Aruba]] | {{formatnum:107566}}<ref>{{cite web |date=1 January 2024 |title=General characteristics of Aruba 2023 |url=https://cbs.aw/wp/index.php/2022/09/20/test-2/ |publisher=CBS}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum:14737}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:89387}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Luxembourg]] | {{formatnum:672050}}<ref>[https://statistiques.public.lu/dam-assets/actualite/2024/stn16-pop-2024/stn16-2024-population-2024-v20.pdf January 2024 Census estimate.]</ref> | {{formatnum:16000}} <small>(3% of 533,335)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> | {{formatnum:37000}} <small>(7% of 533,335)</small>{{efn|4% of people in Italy older than 12, speak Spanish very well, and 3% speak Spanish as a native language.}}<ref name="Eurob2023b"/> | {{formatnum:80000}} <small>(15% of 533,335)</small> <ref name="Eurob2023"/> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Andorra]] | {{formatnum:85101}}<ref>[https://www.estadistica.ad/portal/apps/sites/#/estadistica-ca/pages/estadistiques-i-dades-detall?Idioma=ca&N2=605&N3=606&DV=797 2024 Census estimate]</ref> | {{formatnum:34132}} (43.2%)<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:49018}} (57.6%)<ref>[https://static1.ara.cat/ara/public/content/file/original/2019/1216/13/principals-dades-de-l-estudi-sobre-coneixements-i-usos-lingueistics-d0807a0.pdf static1.ara.cat]: 43.2% speak Spanish as a mother tongue, and 14.4% as a second language.</ref> | {{formatnum:71677}} (80.0%)<ref>[https://www.andorrainfo.com/andorra/idioma.html andorrainfo.com]</ref><ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Trinidad and Tobago]] | {{formatnum:1368333}}<ref>[https://cso.gov.tt/subjects/population-and-vital-statistics/population/ CSO – Statistics (1 July 2024)].}}.</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum:4000}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:70401}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[China]] | {{formatnum:1408280000}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/island-areas/guam/population-and-housing-unit-counts/guam-phc-table01.pdf |title=2020 census result }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:15130}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:69028}} <small>(53,898 students) </small><ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[New Zealand]] | | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:22000}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:58373}} <small>(36,373 students)</small><ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Slovenia]] | | | {{formatnum:35194}} <small>(2%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 goodspeakers" /> of 1,759,701<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population">[http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_anx_en.pdf Eurobarometr 2012] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130429224902/http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/ebs/ebs_386_anx_en.pdf |date=29 April 2013}} (page TS2): Population older than 15. (age scale used for the Eurobarometer survey)</ref>) </small> | {{formatnum:52791}} <small>(3%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers" /> of 1,759,701<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population" />)</small> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[India]] | {{formatnum:1428627663}}<ref>{{cite web |url= https://population.un.org/wpp/ |title= 2024 UN estimate |date= 2024 }}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:4855}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:51104}} <small>(46,249 students)</small><ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Guam]] | {{formatnum:153836}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202501/t20250117_1958330.html |title=Census estimate for 1 January 2025 |publisher=Stats.gov.cn}}</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |{{formatnum:1309}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:32233}}<ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Gibraltar]] | {{formatnum:29441}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/statistics/faqs |title=Statistics – FAQ's |publisher=Gibraltar.gov.gi |date=12 November 2012 |access-date=24 March 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140105204953/https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/statistics/faqs |archive-date=5 January 2014}}</ref> | {{formatnum:22758}} (77.3%<ref>[http://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum19/secciones/estudios-23-Gibraltar.htm www.um.es] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140626004221/http://www.um.es/tonosdigital/znum19/secciones/estudios-23-Gibraltar.htm |date=26 June 2014}} (5.2. Datos descriptivos de los usos de español e inglés, Gráfico 2). 77.3% of the Gibraltar population speak Spanish with their mother more, or equal than English.</ref>) | | |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Lithuania]] | {{formatnum:2972949}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010101&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=7743&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100819130935/http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010101&PLanguage=1&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=7743&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14= |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 August 2010 |title=(2013) |publisher=db1.stat.gov.lt |access-date=24 March 2014}}</ref> | | | {{formatnum:28297}} <small>(1%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers" /> of 2,829,740<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population" />)</small> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Turkey]] | {{formatnum:85664944}} <ref>[https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=The-Results-of-Address-Based-Population-Registration-System-2023-49684&dil=2 data.tuik.gov.tr]: Census estimate (1/1/2025)</ref> | colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | {{formatnum:5460}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:21660}} <ref name="viva18" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Egypt]] | {{formatnum:105914499}} <ref>[https://www.capmas.gov.eg/Admin/Pages%20Files/20245121324361-%20pop_new.pdf]: Census estimate (1/1/2025)</ref> | | | {{formatnum:21000}} <ref>{{cite web |url=https://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_21/africa/egipto.htm |title=El español en Egipto |publisher=Instituto Cervantes |date=2021}}There are 6,000 Spanish students and 15,000 Egyptian citizens who speak Spanish for professional reasons</ref> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[US Virgin Islands]] | | {{formatnum:16788}} <ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:16788}} | {{formatnum:16788}} |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Latvia]] | {{formatnum:2209000}} | | | {{formatnum:13943}} <small>(1%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers" /> of 1,447,866<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population" />)</small> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Cyprus]] | | | | 2%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers" /> of 660,400<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population" /> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Estonia]] | | | | {{formatnum:9457}} <small>(1%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers" /> of 945,733<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population" />)</small> |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Jamaica]] | {{formatnum:2711476}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://statinja.gov.jm/Demo_SocialStats/population.aspx |title=Jamaican Population |publisher=Statinja.gov.jm |access-date=24 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006125038/http://statinja.gov.jm/Demo_SocialStats/population.aspx |archive-date=6 October 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> | {{formatnum:8000}}<ref name="viva18" /> | {{formatnum:8000}} | {{formatnum:8000}} |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Namibia]] | | {{formatnum:666}} | {{formatnum:3866}}<ref>[http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_12.pdf El español en Namibia, 2005.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302153728/http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/anuario/anuario_06-07/pdf/paises_12.pdf |date=2 March 2013}} ''[[Instituto Cervantes]]''.</ref> | {{formatnum:3866}} |- style="background:#fff;" | [[Malta]] | | | | {{formatnum:3354}} <small>(1%<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 speakers" /> of 335,476<ref name="Eurobarometer 2012 population" />)</small> |- style="background:#efff;" |class=sortbottom | '''Total''' | {{formatnum:8107000000}} (total world population)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/popclock/ |title=U.S. and World Population Clock |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |date=18 March 2025 }}</ref> | '''{{formatnum:{{#expr: 125098647 + 43369734 + 52090885 + 42075695 + 45574810 + 28527874 + 27720040 + 19317847 + 16877244 + 12637787 + 7485677 + 10995250 + 10323475 + 9549917 + 557001 + 6484103 + 3946502 + 5788776 + 716772 + 1240391 + 5268786 + 3944643 + 3348975 + 3049537 + 259322 + 515597 + 13204 + 223837 + 88461 + 600795 + 48265 + 96193 + 85415 + 5833 + 175491 + 4284 + 20320 + 224130 + 5150 + 1149 + 210115 + 6068 + 16062 + 104000 + 131000 + 40059 + 27921 + 10699 + 8241 + 15130 + 13542 + 4000 + 1201 + 22000 + 36763 + 47300 + 5872 + 22758 + 16000 + 5235 + 16788 + 4855 + 8000 + 227 round 0}}}}''' ({{formatnum:{{#expr: 48873695200 / 8107000000 round 1 }}}}%)<ref name="worldcia">According to the CIA Factbook, Spanish is the second most spoken language at 6%, and the fourth most spoken language overall at 6.9%.</ref><ref name="viva18" /> |'''{{formatnum:{{#expr: 125632117 + 47576361 + 52090885 + 47187695 + 46856601 + 29594658 + 27720040 + 19317847 + 17474448 + 13722576 + 9927463 + 10996367 + 10323475 + 9549917 + 2228004 + 6599769 + 4318692 + 6029976 + 2150317 + 1240391 + 5268786 + 3944643 + 3467956 + 3049537 + 518480 + 1546790 + 13204 + 1209048 + 88461 + 1171450 + 178312 + 192387 + 85415 + 5833 + 175491 + 212970 + 16062 + 4284 + 76471 + 120177 + 224130 + 83135 + 173600 + 91679 + 59175 + 83135 + 131000 + 104000 + 125534 + 27921 + 8241 + 130750 + 5872 + 45914 + 16000 + 75402 + 4100 + 15130 + 1201 + 22000 + 49018 + 47300 + 5872 + 22758 + 37000 + 5235 + 16788 + 4855 + 8000 + 3870 + 227 round 0}}}}''' ({{formatnum:{{#expr: 50882108400 / 8107000000 round 1 }}}}%)<ref name="viva18" /> |'''{{formatnum:{{#expr: 132300489 + 58723734 + 52962217 + 48908080 + 47188917 + 30600340 + 28240466 + 20121084 + 17642817 + 16440943 + 12064523 + 10996350 + 10747728 + 9949503 + 7798016 + 6734219 + 6397823 + 6023946 + 5734178 + 5459173 + 5326600 + 4495892 + 3467956 + 3200092 + 3110880 + 3093580 + 1754485 + 1432886 + 1328731 + 1171450 + 1089995 + 961933 + 854149 + 798095 + 568170 + 559491 + 556131 + 485241 + 440213 + 423739 + 412515 + 403000 + 356000 + 319829 + 305887 + 280414 + 270160 + 269461 + 263428 + 209250 + 186917 + 183358 + 177526 + 167410 + 166271 + 160000 + 149000 + 147809 + 140880 + 140302 + 71650 + 83064 + 80000 + 73656 + 71677 + 71650 + 70401 + 69028 + 60582 + 57883 + 51104 + 48000 + 29441 + 28297 + 20235 + 16788 + 13943 + 13480 + 9457 + 8000 + 7344 + 6104 + 3969 + 3354 + 227 + 91 round 0}}}}''' ({{formatnum:{{#expr: 57435383800 / 8107000000 round 1 }}}}%)<ref name="worldcia"/><ref name="viva18" /><ref name="ethnologue200" >[https://www.ethnologue.com/insights/ethnologue200/ www.ethnologue.com] Spanish is the fourth most spoken language with 558.5 million speakers.</ref> |}
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)