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Symposium
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==Etruscan and Roman drinking parties== [[File:Tarquinia Tomb of the Leopards.jpg|thumb|Banqueting scene from the Etruscan [[Tomb of the Leopards]]]] [[Etruscan art]] shows scenes of banqueting that recall aspects of the Greek symposia; however, one major difference is that women of status participated more fully in this as in other realms of [[Etruscan civilization|Etruscan society]]. Women were allowed to drink wine and recline with men at feasts. Some Etruscan women were even considered "expert drinkers".<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1002/9781444355024.ch5 |chapter=Etruscan Women |title=A Companion to Women in the Ancient World |year=2012 |last1=Izzet |first1=Vedia |pages=66–77 |isbn=978-1-4051-9284-2 }}</ref> Additionally, Etruscan women were often buried with drinking and feasting paraphernalia, suggesting that they partook in these activities.<ref name=jstor3567821>{{cite journal |last1=Russell |first1=Brigette Ford |title=Wine, Women, and the Polis : Gender and the Formation of the City-State in Archaic Rome |journal=Greece and Rome |date=April 2003 |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=77–84 |doi=10.1093/gr/50.1.77 |id={{ProQuest|200023705}} |jstor=3567821 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The most apparent distinctions between Greek and Etruscan drinking parties appear in Etruscan art. Etruscan paintings show men and women drinking wine together and reclining on the same cushions.<ref name=jstor3567821/> The ''[[Sarcophagus of the Spouses]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|last=Marie-Bénédicte|first=Astier|title=The Sarcophagus of the Spouses|url=https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/sarcophagus-spouses|website=The [[Louvre Museum]]|access-date=2018-06-05|archive-date=2023-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330052326/https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/sarcophagus-spouses|url-status=dead}}</ref> found in the Etruscan region dating to 520–530 BC, depicts a man and women lounging together in the context of a banquet,<ref>{{cite thesis |id={{ProQuest|304955236}} |last1=Salazar |first1=Sara H |title=Etruscan Women's Lives: Re-envisioning the Role of Women in Myths, Mirrors, and Other Funerary Artifacts |publisher=California Institute of Integral Studies |year=2006 }}</ref> which is a stark contrast with gendered Greek drinking parties. As with many other Greek customs, the aesthetic framework of the symposium was adopted by the Romans under the name of ''comissatio''. These revels also involved the drinking of assigned quantities of wine, and the oversight of a master of the ceremonies appointed for the occasion from among the guests. Another Roman version of the symposium was the ''convivium''. Women's roles differed in Roman symposia as well. Roman women were legally prohibited from drinking wine as a matter of public morality.<ref name=jstor3567821/> Men were expected to control their own wine consumption, but women were not given this authority. {{Clear}}
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