Editing Syrian pound (section)

===Exchange rate===
On 5 December 2005, the selling rate quoted by the [[Commercial Bank of Syria]] was LS&nbsp;48.4 = US$1.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} A rate of about LS&nbsp;50 to US$1 was usual in the early 2000s,{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} but the rate is subject to fluctuations. Since the start of the [[Syrian Civil War|civil war]] in 2011, the pound's unofficial exchange rate has deteriorated significantly. It was LS&nbsp;47 = US$1 in March 2011 and LS&nbsp;515 in July 2017.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}} Since July 2007, the Syrian pound has been pegged to the IMF SDR ([[Special Drawing Rights]]).<ref name="xdr-peg" />

On 29 November 2019, following the [[2019–20 Lebanese protests|Lebanese protests]],  the black market rate was LS&nbsp;765 = US$1, a decrease of 30% since the turmoil started in Lebanon a month earlier, as the protests led Lebanese banks to impose tight controls on hard currency withdrawals and transfers abroad, making it hard for Syrians to access funds held by them in those banks.<ref name="latimes"/><ref name= reuters29niv19/>

The black-market rate fell to LS&nbsp;950 on 2 December 2019, another 25% decrease,<ref name=reuters2Dec19>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/syria-economy-pound/syrian-pound-hits-record-low-in-panic-selling-dealers-say-idUSL8N28C3PQ|title=Syrian pound hits record low in panic selling, dealers say|website=Reuters|date=2 December 2019}}</ref> while the official rate set by the central bank was LS&nbsp;434 = US$1.

On 13 January 2020, the currency deteriorated further, as more than LS&nbsp;1,000 was traded for US$1 in the black market, despite being valued at LS&nbsp;434 = US$1 by the Syrian Central Bank.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://aawsat.com/english/home/article/2080031/syrian-pound-hits-record-low-1000-against-dollar|title=Syrian Pound Hits Record Low of 1,000 against the Dollar |website=Asharq Al-Awsat|date=13 January 2020}}</ref> During the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Syria]], the Syrian pound continued to fall against the U.S. dollar in the black market, where US$1 equaled more than LS&nbsp;1,600 in May 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-05/17/c_139064599.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531001542/http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-05/17/c_139064599.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 31, 2020|title=Syrian pound continues to devaluate against USD|website=Xinhuanet|date=17 May 2020}}</ref> A month later, the Syrian pound passed LS&nbsp;2,000 against the dollar,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://syriadirect.org/news/syrian-pound-passes-2000-against-dollar-as-reforms-fail-to-stop-freefall/|title=Syrian pound passes 2000 against dollar as new policies fail to stop freefall|website=Syria direct|date=3 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Syrian pound hits record low against dollar in panic trading, dealers say|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-economy-currency/syrian-pound-hits-record-low-against-dollar-in-panic-trading-dealers-say-idUKKBN23B38P|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604234404/https://uk.reuters.com/article/us-syria-security-economy-currency/syrian-pound-hits-record-low-against-dollar-in-panic-trading-dealers-say-idUKKBN23B38P|url-status=dead|archive-date=June 4, 2020|publisher=[[Reuters]]|date=4 June 2020|access-date=4 June 2020}}</ref> and a few days later, it passed LS&nbsp;3,000 against the dollar.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-economy-currency/syrian-pound-hits-record-low-ahead-of-new-u-s-sanctions-dealers-idUSKBN23F2YL|title=Syrian pound hits record low ahead of new U.S. sanctions: dealers|website=Reuters|date=9 June 2020}}</ref>

Upon the implementation of the U.S. sanctions related to the [[Caesar Act]], anti-government local authorities in [[Idlib Governorate]] adopted the [[Turkish lira]] in place of the plummeting Syrian pound.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200615-syria-s-idlib-adopts-turkish-lira-in-place-of-plummeting-pound|title=Syria's Idlib adopts Turkish lira in place of plummeting pound|website=France 24|date=15 June 2020}}</ref> Turkish lira has also replaced Syrian pound in other [[Turkish occupation of northern Syria|Turkish occupied areas of northern Syria]], such as [[Afrin, Syria|Afrin]] and [[Jarabulus|Jarablus]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ashawi|first=Khalil|date=2018-08-28|title=Falling lira hits Syrian enclave backed by Turkey|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-turkey-currency-idUSKCN1LD195|access-date=2021-08-19}}</ref>

On 31 December 2022, the Syrian pound hit a new record low again on the black market, where each US$1 cost LS 7,150, twice as much as a year before.<ref>{{Cite web |last=al-Issa |first=Jana |date=2023-01-06 |title=Syrian pound declined 100% in 2022 |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/01/syrian-pound-declined-100-in-2022/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115032228/https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2023/01/syrian-pound-declined-100-in-2022/ |archive-date=2023-01-15 |access-date=2023-01-15 |website=Enab Baladi |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2023, the exchange rate continued deterioration, reaching LS 15,000 per US$1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://syrianobserver.com/syrian-actors/dollar-approaching-15000-syrian-pounds.html |title=Dollar Approaching 15,000 Syrian Pounds |publisher=The Syrian Observer |date=16 August 2023 }}</ref>

During the [[2024 Syrian opposition offensives]], the exchange rate fell to a record low of LS 25,000 per US$1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2024/12/syrian-pound-rebounds-against-dollar/ |title=Syrian pound rebounds against dollar |publisher=Enab Baladi |date=13 December 2024 }}</ref> After the [[fall of the Assad regime]], the currency was traded between LS 12,500 and 10,000 per US$1.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reuters.com/markets/currencies/syrian-currency-firms-against-us-dollar-after-assads-fall-2024-12-14/ |title=Syrian currency firms against US dollar after Assad's fall |publisher=Reuters |date=14 December 2024 }}</ref>