Editing Teenage pregnancy (section)

===Child===
Early motherhood can affect the [[developmental psychology|psychosocial development]] of the infant. The children of teen mothers are more likely to be born prematurely with a low birth weight, predisposing them to many other lifelong conditions.<ref name="Gibbs-2012">{{Cite journal  | last1 = Gibbs | first1 = CM. | last2 = Wendt | first2 = A. | last3 = Peters | first3 = S. | last4 = Hogue | first4 = CJ. | title = The impact of early age at first childbirth on maternal and infant health | journal = Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol | volume = 26 Suppl 1 | pages = 259–84 |date=Jul 2012 | issue = 1 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2012.01290.x | pmid = 22742615 | pmc = 4562289 }}</ref> Children of teen mothers are at higher risk of intellectual, language, and socio-emotional delays.<ref name="Day 2009"/> [[developmental disability|Developmental disabilities]] and [[behavior]]al issues are increased in children born to teen mothers.<ref name=aap>{{cite journal | title = American Academy of Pediatrics: Care of adolescent parents and their children | journal = Pediatrics | volume = 107 | issue = 2 | pages = 429–34 | year = 2001 | pmid = 11158485 | doi = 10.1542/peds.107.2.429 | last1 = American Academy Of Pediatrics. Committee On Adolescence Committee On Early Childhood Adoption | first1 = Dependent Care | s2cid = 71188516 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hofferth SL, Reid L | title = Early Childbearing and Children's Achievement And Behavior over Time | journal = Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health | volume = 34 | issue = 1 | pages = 41–49 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11990638 | doi = 10.2307/3030231 | jstor = 3030231 | s2cid = 13558045 }}</ref> One study suggested that adolescent mothers are less likely to [[stimulation|stimulate]] their infant through [[affection|affectionate behaviors]] such as [[Haptic communication|touch]], [[smile|smiling]], and [[linguistics|verbal communication]], or to be [[Sensitivity (human)|sensitive]] and [[acceptance|accepting]] toward their needs.<ref name=aap/> Another found that those who had more [[social support]] were less likely to show [[anger]] toward their children or to rely upon [[punishment]].<ref>{{cite journal | author = Crockenberg S | title = Predictors and correlates of anger toward and punitive control of toddlers by adolescent mothers | journal = Child Dev | volume = 58 | issue = 4 | pages = 964–75 | year = 1987 | pmid = 3608666 | doi = 10.2307/1130537 | jstor = 1130537 }}
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Poor [[Grading in education|academic performance]] in the children of teenage mothers has also been noted, with many of the children being held back a grade level, scoring lower on standardized tests, and/or failing to graduate from secondary school.<ref name=natcamp/> Daughters born to adolescent [[parent]]s are more likely to become teen mothers themselves.<ref name=natcamp/><ref name="Furstenberg"/> Sons born to teenage mothers are three times more likely to [[sentence (law)|serve time]] in [[prison]].<ref>Maynard, Rebecca A. (Ed.). (1996).''[http://www.urban.org/pubs/khk/index.htm Kids Having Kids] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051126231940/http://www.urban.org/pubs/khk/index.htm |date=26 November 2005 }}.'' Retrieved 27 May 2006.</ref>