Editing Thomas Addison (section)

==Research==
In researching [[pernicious anemia]], Addison in 1849 came across the changed "bronzed" appearance of the [[adrenal glands]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kronenberg |first1=Henry M. |title=Williams Textbook of Endocrinology E-Book |date=30 November 2007 |publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences |isbn=978-1-4377-2181-2 |page=446 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=stcoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA446 |language=en}}</ref> What is now called Addison's disease, sometimes called bronze skin disease, is the progressive destruction of the glands, resulting in [[adrenocortical hormone]] deficiency. Addison described this condition in his 1855 publication: ''On the Constitutional and Local Effects of Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules.''<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rosenthal |first1=Moriz |last2=Putzel |first2=Leopold |title=A Clinical Treatise on the Diseases of the Nervous System |date=1879 |publisher=Wood |page=538 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nN8VAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA538 |language=en}}</ref> The function of the glands, known as suprarenal capsules, was at that time unknown. After Addison's work, it was concluded that they were essential to life.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Huth |first1=Edward J. |last2=Murray |first2=T. J. |title=Medicine in Quotations: Views of Health and Disease Through the Ages |date=2006 |publisher=ACP Press |isbn=978-1-930513-67-9 |page=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3cM8jVGr4qEC&pg=PA6 |language=en}}</ref> An [[Addisonian crisis]] (or Addison's crisis) is an acute, life-threatening crisis caused by Addison's disease.

Pernicious anemia as described in 1849 by Addison is now also known as Addison-Biermer disease. It is a type of [[megaloblastic anemia]], in which a lack of [[intrinsic factor]] causes absorption of [[vitamin B12|vitamin B<sub>12</sub>]] to be impaired. It is caused by a lack of [[parietal cell]]s in the stomach.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lakshmanaswamy |first1=Aruchamy |title=Clinical Pediatrics: History Taking and Case Discussions |date=2022 |publisher=Wolters Kluwer India Pvt Ltd |isbn=978-93-90612-45-1 |page=623 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_UlVEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA623 |language=en}}</ref>

In 1829, Addison published a study of the actions of [[poison]]s.<ref>''An essay on the operation of poisonous agents upon the living body'' ([https://archive.org/stream/b21473195#page/n3/mode/2up online])</ref> He gave one of the first adequate accounts of [[appendicitis]], in 1839.<ref name="ODNB"/> In the classification of skin diseases by morphology, and their diagnosis, he was a follower of [[Robert Willan]] and his own teacher Thomas Bateman.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jackson |first1=Scott |title=Skin Disease and the History of Dermatology: Order out of Chaos |date=15 September 2022 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-000-64401-2 |page=339 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rR9-EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT339 |language=en}}</ref>