Editing Timeline of Jerusalem (section)

==Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian period==
* 733 BCE: According to the Bible, Jerusalem becomes a vassal of the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Crouch|first=C. L.|title=Israel and the Assyrians: Deuteronomy, the Succession Treaty of Esarhaddon, and the Nature of Subversion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xd3PBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA18|date=1 October 2014|publisher=SBL Press|isbn=978-1-62837-026-3|quote=Judah's reason(s) for submitting to Assyrian hegemony, at least superficially, require explanation, while at the same time indications of its read-but-disguised resistance to Assyria must be uncovered... The political and military sprawl of the Assyrian empire during the late Iron Age in the southern Levant, especially toward its outer borders, is not quite akin to the single dominating hegemony envisioned by most discussions of hegemony and subversion. In the case of Judah it should be reiterated that Judah was always a vassal state, semi-autonomous and on the periphery of the imperial system, it was never a fully-integrated provincial territory. The implications of this distinction for Judah's relationship with and experience of the Assyrian empire should not be underestimated; studies of the expression of Assyria's cultural and political powers in its provincial territories and vassal states have revealed notable differences in the degree of active involvement in different types of territories. Indeed, the mechanics of the Assyrian empire were hardly designed for direct control over all its vassals' internal activities, provided that a vassal produced the requisite tribute and did not provoke trouble among its neighbors, the level of direct involvement from Assyria remained relatively low. For the entirety of its experience of the Assyrian empire, Judah functioned as a vassal state, rather than a province under direct Assyrian rule, thereby preserving at least a certain degree of autonomy, especially in its internal affairs. Meanwhile, the general atmosphere of Pax Assyriaca in the southern Levant minimized the necessity of (and opportunities for) external conflict. That Assyrians, at least in small numbers, were present in Judah is likely - probably a qipu and his entourage who, if the recent excavators of Ramat Rahel are correct, perhaps resided just outside the capital - but there is far less evidence than is commonly assumed to suggest that these left a direct impression of Assyria on this small vassal state... The point here is that, despite the wider context of Assyria's political and economic power in the ancient Near East in general and the southern Levant in particular, Judah remained a distinguishable and semi-independent southern Levantine state, '''part of but not subsumed by the Assyrian empire''' and, indeed, benefitting from it in significant ways.}}</ref><ref name=Historyfiles>Chronology of the [http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsMiddEast/CanaanIsraelites.htm Israelite Tribes] from The History Files (historyfiles.co.uk)</ref> after [[Ahaz]] of Judah appeals to [[Tiglath Pileser III]] of the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]] to protect the city from [[Pekah]] of [[Northern Kingdom of Israel|Israel]] and [[Rezin]] of [[Aram Damascus|Aram]]. Tiglath Pileser III subsequently conquers most of the [[Levant]]. At around this time, the [[Siege of Gezer (c. 733 BC)|Siege of Gezer]], 20 miles west of Jerusalem, is recorded on a stone relief at the Assyrian royal palace in [[Nimrud]].
* c. 712 BCE: The [[Siloam Tunnel]] is built in order to keep water from the [[Gihon Spring]] inside the city. According to the Bible the tunnel was built by King [[Hezekiah]] in preparation for a siege by the Assyrians, along with an expansion of Jerusalem's fortifications across the [[Tyropoeon Valley]] to enclose the hill today known as [[Mount Zion#Change in meaning|Mount Zion]].<ref name="BenDov1985 p.34">Ben-Dov, Meir. 1985. ''In the Shadow of the Temple''. New York, New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., pp. 34–35. {{ISBN|0-06-015362-8}}</ref>
* 712 BCE: [[Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem]] – Jerusalem pays further tribute to the Neo-Assyrian Empire after the [[Assyrian Empire#Neo-Assyrian Empire|Neo-Assyrian]] King [[Sennacherib]] laid [[Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem|siege to the city]].
* c. 670 BCE: [[Manasseh of Judah|Manasseh]], the ruler of Jerusalem, is brought in chains to the Assyrian king, presumably for suspected disloyalty.<ref name=Bright>{{Cite book| title=A History of Israel| first=John | last=Bright| page=311| year=1980 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=0VG67yLs-LAC&pg=PA311|publisher=Westminster John Knox Press|isbn=978-0-664-22068-6}}</ref>
* c. 627 BCE: The death of [[Ashurbanipal]] and the successful revolt of [[Nabopolassar]] replaces the Neo-Assyrian Empire with the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]].
* 609 BCE: Jerusalem becomes part of the Empire of the [[Twenty-sixth dynasty of Egypt]] after [[Josiah]] of Judah is killed by the army of Pharaoh [[Necho II]] at the [[Battle of Megiddo (609 BC)|Battle of Megiddo]]. Josiah's son [[Jehoahaz of Judah]] is deposed by the Egyptians and replaced as ruler of Jerusalem by his brother [[Jehoiakim]].
* 605 BCE: Jerusalem switches its tributary allegiance back to the Neo-Babylonians after Necho II is defeated by [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] at the [[Battle of Carchemish]].
* 599–597 BCE: [[Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC)|first Babylonian siege]] – Nebuchadnezzar II crushed a rebellion in the [[Kingdom of Judah]] and other cities in the Levant which had been sparked by the Neo-Babylonians failed invasion of Egypt in 601. [[Jehoiachin]] of Jerusalem deported to [[Babylon]]. 
* 587–586 BCE: [[Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)|second Babylonian siege]] – Nebuchadnezzar II fought Pharaoh [[Apries]]'s attempt to invade [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]]. Jerusalem mostly destroyed including the [[First Temple]], and the city's prominent citizens exiled to [[Babylon]] (see [[Nebuchadnezzar Chronicle]]).
* 582 BCE: [[Gedaliah]] the Babylonian governor of [[Yehud Medinata|Judah]] assassinated, provoking refugees to Egypt and a third deportation.