Editing Timeline of luminiferous aether (section)

===Change===
: 1904 – [[Hendrik Lorentz]] publishes a new theory of moving bodies, without discarding the stationary (electromagnetic) ether concept.
: 1905 – [[Henri Poincaré]] shows that Lorentz's theory fulfills the principle of relativity, and publishes the Lorentz transformations. His model was still based on Lorentz's ether, but he argues that this aether is perfectly undetectable.
: 1905 – [[Albert Einstein]] publishes an [[Observational equivalence|observationally equivalent]] theory, but complete with a derivation from principles alone (leaving the ether aside). Einstein also emphasized that this concept implies the relativity of space and time. He later labelled it [[special relativity]].
: 1908 – [[Trouton–Rankine experiment]] shows that [[length contraction]] of an object according to one frame does not produce a measurable change of resistance in the object's rest frame
: 1913 – [[Georges Sagnac]] uses a rotating MMX device and receives a clearly positive result. The so-called [[Sagnac effect]] was considered excellent evidence for aether at the time, but was later explained via [[general relativity]]. Good explanations based on SR also exist.
: 1914 – [[Walther Zurhellen]] uses observations of binary stars to determine if the speed of light is dependent on movement of the source. His measurements show that it is not to 10<sup>−6</sup>. This is claimed to be additional evidence against aether dragging.
: 1915 – Einstein publishes on the [[general relativity|general theory of relativity]].
: 1919 – [[Arthur Eddington]]'s Africa eclipse expedition is conducted and appears to confirm the general theory of relativity.
: 1920 – Einstein says that special relativity does not require rejecting the aether, and that the gravitational field of general relativity may be called aether, to which no state of motion can be attributed.
: 1921 – [[Dayton Miller]] conducts aether drift experiments at [[Mount Wilson (California)|Mount Wilson]]. Miller performs tests with insulated and non-magnetic interferometers and obtains positive results.
: 1921 to 1924 – Miller conducts extensive tests under controlled conditions at [[Case University]].
: 1924 – Miller repeats his experiments at Mount Wilson and yields a positive result.
:: [[Rudolf Tomaschek]] uses stars for his interferometer light source, getting the null result.
: 1925 – the [[Michelson–Gale–Pearson experiment]] produces a positive result while attempting to detect the effect of [[Earth's rotation]] on the velocity of light. The significance of the experiment remains debated to this day, but this planetary Sagnac effect is measured by ring laser gyros and taken into account by the GPS system.
: 1925 April – Meeting of the [[United States National Academy of Sciences|National Academy of Sciences]].
:: [[Arthur Compton]] explains the problems with the Stokes aether drag solution.
:: Miller presents his positive results of the aether drag.
: 1925 December – [[American Association for the Advancement of Science]] meeting.
:: Miller proposes two theories to account for the positive result. One consists of a modified aether theory, the other a slight departure from the Contraction Hypothesis.
: 1926 – [[Roy J. Kennedy]] produces a null result on Mount Wilson
:: [[Auguste Piccard]] and [[Ernest Stahel]] produce a null result on [[Mont Rigi]].
: 1927 – [[Mount Wilson conference]].
:: Miller talks of partial entrainment
:: Michelson talks about aether drag and altitude differential effects
:: [[K. K. Illingworth]] produces a null result using a clever version of the MMX with a step in one mirror that dramatically improves resolution. The resolution is so good that most partial entrainment systems can be eliminated.
: 1929 – Michelson and [[F. G. Pease]] perform the [[Pearson experiment]] and produce a null result.
: 1930 – [[Georg Joos]] produces a null result using an extremely accurate interferometer placed entirely in vacuum.
: 1932 – the [[Kennedy–Thorndike experiment]] uses an interferometer with arms of different lengths and not at right angles. They measure over several seasons and record on photographs to allow better post-measurement study. The Kennedy Thorndike experiment becomes one of the fundamental tests for SR, proving the independence of light speed wrt to the speed of the emitting source. The other two fundamental tests are [[Michelson–Morley experiment]] (proves light speed isotropy) and [[Ives–Stilwell experiment]] (proves time dilation)
: 1934 – [[Georg Joos]] publishes on the [[Michelson–Gale–Pearson experiment]], stating that it is improbable that aether would be entrained by translational motion and not by rotational motion.
: 1935 – [[Hammar experiment]] disproves aether entrainment
: 1951 – [[Paul Dirac]] writes that currently-accepted [[quantum field theory]] requires an aether, although he never formulated this theory completely.