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Tongeren
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==Main sights== * The [[Béguinage]], founded in 1257, has been listed as a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]] since 1998.<ref name = "unesco1">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/855 |title = Flemish Béguinages |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 6 November 2021}}</ref> Its enclosure wall was destroyed in the 19th century: it separated the beguinage from the rest of the city and thus guaranteed peace and quiet for the small religion-inspired community. In the 17th century, the beguinage counted some 300 beguines; it was also able to survive the 1677 fire that destroyed most of the city. * The [[Basilica of Our Lady, Tongeren|Basilica of Our Lady]] (''Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe Basiliek''), built in [[Gothic architecture|Gothic style]] in the 13th century, where recent excavations have produced some of the richest archaeological finds in [[Flanders]]. Archaeological excavations have proven the presence of an edifice here starting from the 4th century, while a [[Carolingian]] prayer house existed here in the 9th century. The building of the choir of the present basilica began in 1240. Nave, transepts and side chapels were added between the 13th and 15th century. The original [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] tower was replaced by the present, {{convert|64|m|ft|abbr=off|adj=mid|-tall}} Gothic tower from 1442 until 1541. The basilica's interior is home to the statue of Our Lady of Tongeren, erected in 1475. The treasury is housed in the former hall of the Chapter and comprises one of the richest collections of religious art in Belgium. The bell tower was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the [[Belfries of Belgium and France]] site in 1999.<ref name = "unesco">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/943 |title= Belfries of Belgium and France |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 5 November 2021}}</ref> * Church of St. Catherine, built in Gothic style in 1294, but modified later in different styles. Works of art include the 1711 pulpit by [[Robrecht Verburgh]], the main altarpiece by [[Gaspar de Crayer]] (17th century) and a sculpture of the ''Suffering Christ'', donated by the beguine Anna de Floz. * The [[Gallo-Roman Museum of Tongeren|Gallo-Roman Museum]], which houses [[Celt]]ic gold, Roman glassware, [[Merovingian]] [[filigree]] work, and a [[Roman dodecahedron]], an unusual [[Gallo-Roman]] object found during excavations * The original Roman wall, dating from the second century, still visible for more than {{convert|1,500|m|ft|abbr=off}}. * Some of the medieval defensive towers, also still visible today. * Statue of ''[[Ambiorix]]'', erected in 1866. * Several [[Tumulus|Tumuli]] are found around the city. * The Pliniuspark features the Plinius spring, a natural spring described by [[Pliny the Elder]] in 77-79 a.d. * At the location of a former Roman temple in the Keverstraat, a modern representation of that temple can be found. Because no drawings, apart from the floor plans, of the original temple exist, everything has been rebuilt up to {{convert|1|m}} high. * Partly {{convert|3|m}} below the Basilica of Our Lady and partly inside the Basilica, the Teseum-museum shows the archaeological findings at the location of the Basilica, as well as exhibitions about the history of the church. * Tongeren houses a youth detention center. <gallery> File:Tongeren gemeentehuis.jpg|Tongeren City Hall File:2006.08.17.122359 Basilika Tongeren Belgien-2.jpg|The [[Basilica of Our Lady, Tongeren|Basilica of Our Lady]] File:Tongeren Onze-Lieve-Vrouwebasiliek altar of Our Lady Cause of our Joy.jpg|Statue of ''Our Lady Cause of our Joy'' File:Ambiorix.jpg|Statue of ''Ambiorix'' on the Grote Markt File:Tongeren Innenstadt.jpg|Modern art in Tongeren: ''Púmpkëskal'' ("Pump-chat") File:Dodecahedron-tongeren.jpg|The ''[[Dodecahedron]]'' </gallery>
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