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Toothache
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====Dentin hypersensitivity==== [[Dentin hypersensitivity]] is a sharp, short-lasting dental pain occurring in about 15% of the population,<ref name=Poulsen2006>{{cite journal|vauthors=Poulsen S, Errboe M, Lescay Mevil Y, Glenny AM |title=Potassium containing toothpastes for dentine hypersensitivity.|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|date=July 19, 2006|volume=2006 |issue=3|pages=CD001476|pmid=16855970|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD001476.pub2|pmc=7028007}}</ref> which is triggered by cold (such as liquids or air), sweet or spicy foods, and beverages.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Dentin hypersensitivity: Recent trends in management.|journal=[[Journal of Conservative Dentistry]]|date=October 2010|volume=13|issue=4|pages=218β24|pmid=21217949|vauthors=Miglani S, Aggarwal V, Ahuja B |pmc=3010026|doi=10.4103/0972-0707.73385 |doi-access=free }}</ref><!--I don't think the parallelism in this list makes sense anymore -- can all beverages of any type cause toothache? unlikely. Needs to be reworked so that list makes sense--> Teeth will normally have some sensation to these triggers,<ref name=Napenas2013 /> but what separates hypersensitivity from regular tooth sensation is the intensity of the pain. Hypersensitivity is most commonly caused by a lack of insulation from the triggers in the mouth due to [[gingival recession]] (receding gums) exposing the roots of the teeth, although it can occur after [[scaling and root planing]] or [[dental bleaching]], or as a result of [[Acid erosion|erosion]].<ref name=Petersson2013>{{cite journal|title=The role of fluoride in the preventive management of dentin hypersensitivity and root caries.|journal=Clinical Oral Investigations|date=March 2013|volume=17|pages=S63β71|doi=10.1007/s00784-012-0916-9|pmid=23271217|author=Petersson LG|issue=Suppl 1 |pmc=3586140}}</ref> The pulp of the tooth remains normal and healthy in dentin hypersensitivity.<ref name="Hargreaves2011" />{{rp|510}} Many topical treatments for dentin hypersensitivity are available, including desensitizing toothpastes and protective varnishes that coat the exposed dentin surface.<ref name=Poulsen2006 /> Treatment of the [[root cause analysis|root cause]] is critical, as topical measures are typically short lasting.<ref name=Hargreaves2011 />{{rp|510}} Over time, the pulp usually adapts by producing new layers of dentin inside the pulp chamber called tertiary dentin, increasing the thickness between the pulp and the exposed dentin surface and lessening the hypersensitivity.<ref name=Hargreaves2011 />{{rp|510}}
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