Editing Tory (section)

===United States===
{{See also|Loyalist (American Revolution)}}
[[File:KingsMountain DeathOfFerguson Chappel.jpg|thumb|Depiction of the death of British Major [[Patrick Ferguson]], during the [[American Revolutionary War]]. He was shot while commanding Loyalist regulars and [[militia (British Dominions and Crown Colonies)|militia]] at the [[Battle of Kings Mountain]].]]
The term "Loyalist" was used in the [[American Revolution]] for those who remained loyal to the British Crown.  About 80% of the Loyalists remained in the United States after the war. The 60,000 or so Loyalists who settled in Nova Scotia, [[Province of Quebec (1763–1791)|Quebec]], [[the Bahamas]], or returned to Great Britain after the American War of Independence are known as United Empire Loyalists.<ref>William Stewart Wallace, ''The United Empire Loyalists: A Chronicle of the Great Migration'' (1920) [https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9YKAQAAIAAJ online].</ref>

On 12 February 1798, [[Thomas Jefferson]] (of the [[Democratic-Republican Party]]) described the [[Traditionalist conservatism in the United States|conservative]] [[Federalist Party]] as "[a] political Sect [...] believing that the executive is the branch of our government which the most needs support, [who] are called federalists, sometimes aristocrats or monocrats, and sometimes Tories, after the corresponding sect in the English Government of exactly the same definition".<ref>letter to John Wise in Francis N. Thorpe, ed "A Letter from Jefferson on the Political Parties, 1798," ''American Historical Review v.3#3 (April 1898) pp 488–89</ref> However, that was clearly a hostile description by the Federalists' foes of whom Jefferson was one and not a name used by the Federalists themselves. The Federalist Party was dissolved in 1835 with no successor parties.

Later the [[Democratic-Republican Party]] splintered in different parties, with the two dissidences being the [[National Republican Party]] and the [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig Party]]. The rest of the party would become the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]. The National Republican Party would then merge with the Whig Party, giving rise to what would be called the [[Second Party System]].<ref name="pop style">{{Cite web |url=https://nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/populism-american-style |title=Populism, American Style |last=Olsen |first=Henry |date=Summer 2010 |access-date=30 May 2021 |publisher=National Affairs |quote="Amid the passion and the anger, Jefferson and Madison's Republican Party — the forerunner of today's Democrats — won the day; the coalition they built then proceeded to win every national election until 1824... The elections of 1828 and 1832 saw the ruling Republicans break into two factions: The minority faction — headed by incumbent president John Quincy Adams — became the National Republicans (and then the Whigs); it drew its support from the mercantile regions of the country, mainly New England and the large cities of the South. Members of the majority faction, meanwhile, renamed themselves the Democrats under the leadership of Andrew Jackson."}}</ref> Although the Whig Party adopted its name from its British counterpart, the term "Tories" had already completely fallen out of favour in the US.

During the [[American Civil War]], [[Confederate States of America|Confederate forces]] commonly referred to [[Southern Unionists]] as ''Tories'', drawing a parallel with the Tories of the American Revolutionary War. To the Confederates, Southern Unionists symbolized a direct challenge to their political aspirations and were viewed as "traitors to the white race". Conversely, [[Union (American Civil War)|Unionists]] regarded Southern Unionists as a loyal segment of the Southern population, swept by the tide of succession, and whom the foundations of [[Reconstruction era|Reconstruction]] would be built.<ref>{{cite journal|title=True Blue: White Unionists in the Deep South during the Civil War and Reconstruction|last=Butler|first=Clayton J.|year=2022|journal=Alabama Review|volume=75|issue=4|doi=10.1353/ala.2022.0034|pages=171–172}}</ref>

====Texas Revolution====
In Texas in 1832–1836, support for the [[Texas Revolution]] was not unanimous. The "Tories" were men who supported the Mexican government. The Tories generally were long-term property holders whose roots were outside of the lower south. They typically had little interest in politics and sought conciliation rather than war. The Tories wanted to preserve the economic, political and social gains that they enjoyed as citizens of Mexico and the revolution threatened to jeopardize those gains.<ref>Margaret Swett Henson, "Tory Sentiment in Anglo-Texan Public Opinion, 1832–1836," ''Southwestern Historical Quarterly,'' July 1986, Vol. 90 Issue 1, pp 1–34</ref>