Editing Tourmaline (section)

=== Elbaite ===
{{Main|Elbaite}}
[[File:Elbaite-Lepidolite-Quartz-gem7-x1a.jpg|thumb|Elbaite with quartz and lepidolite on cleavelandite]]
A lithium-tourmaline [[elbaite]] was one of three pegmatitic minerals from [[Utö, Sweden|Utö]], [[Sweden]], in which the new alkali element [[lithium]] (Li) was determined in 1818 by [[Johan August Arfwedson]] for the first time.<ref name="Ertl 2008">Ertl, 2008.</ref> [[Elba|Elba Island]], [[Italy]], was one of the first localities where colored and colorless Li-tourmalines were extensively chemically analysed. In 1850, [[Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg]] described [[fluorine]] (F) in tourmaline for the first time. In 1870, he proved that all varieties of tourmaline contain chemically bound water. In 1889, Scharitzer proposed the substitution of (OH) by F in red Li-tourmaline from [[Sušice]], [[Czech Republic]]. In 1914, [[Vladimir Vernadsky]] proposed the name ''Elbait'' for lithium-, sodium-, and aluminum-rich tourmaline from Elba Island, Italy, with the simplified formula {{chem2|(Li,Na)HAl6B2Si4O21}}.<ref name="Ertl 2008" /> Most likely the type material for elbaite was found at Fonte del Prete, San Piero in Campo, [[Campo nell'Elba]], [[Elba]] Island, [[Province of Livorno]], [[Tuscany]], [[Italy]].<ref name="Ertl 2008" /> In 1933 Winchell published an updated formula for elbaite, {{chem2|H8Na2Li3Al3B6Al12Si12O62}}, which is commonly used to date written as {{chem2|Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(BO3)3[Si6O18](OH)3(OH)}}.<ref name="Ertl 2008" /> The first crystal structure determination of a Li-rich tourmaline was published in 1972 by Donnay and Barton, performed on a pink elbaite from [[San Diego County, California|San Diego County]], [[California]], United States.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}