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Trans-Neptunian object
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=== KBOs === The Edgeworth{{endash}}[[Kuiper belt]] contains objects with an average distance to the Sun of 30 to about 55 au, usually having close-to-circular orbits with a small inclination from the [[ecliptic]]. Edgeworth{{endash}}Kuiper belt objects are further classified into the [[resonant trans-Neptunian object]] that are locked in an orbital resonance with [[Neptune]], and the [[classical Kuiper belt object]]s, also called "cubewanos", that have no such resonance, moving on almost circular orbits, unperturbed by Neptune. There are a large number of resonant subgroups, the largest being the [[twotino]]s (1:2 resonance) and the [[plutino]]s (2:3 resonance), named after their most prominent member, [[Pluto]]. Members of the classical Edgeworth{{endash}}Kuiper belt include [[15760 Albion]], [[Quaoar]] and [[Makemake]]. Another subclass of Kuiper belt objects is the so-called scattering objects (SO). These are non-resonant objects that come near enough to Neptune to have their orbits changed from time to time (such as causing changes in semi-major axis of at least 1.5 AU in 10 million years) and are thus undergoing [[gravitational scattering]]. Scattering objects are easier to detect than other trans-Neptunian objects of the same size because they come nearer to Earth, some having perihelia around 20 AU. Several are known with [[Photometric system#Photometric letters|g-band]] [[absolute magnitude]] below 9, meaning that the estimated diameter is more than 100 km. It is estimated that there are between 240,000 and 830,000 scattering objects bigger than [[Photometric system#Photometric letters|r-band]] absolute magnitude 12, corresponding to diameters greater than about 18 km. Scattering objects are hypothesized to be the source of the so-called [[Jupiter-family comet]]s (JFCs), which have periods of less than 20 years.<ref>{{cite journal|display-authors=etal |last1=Cory Shankman |title=A Possible Divot in the Size Distribution of the Kuiper Belt's Scattering Objects |journal=Astrophysical Journal Letters |date=Feb 10, 2013 |volume=764 |issue=1 |pages=L2 |doi=10.1088/2041-8205/764/1/L2 |arxiv=1210.4827 |bibcode=2013ApJ...764L...2S |s2cid=118644497 |url=https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2041-8205/764/1/L2/pdf}}</ref><ref name="Shankman_etal_2016a">{{cite journal |last1=Shankman |first1=C. |last2=Kavelaars |first2=J. J. |last3=Gladman |first3=B. J. |last4=Alexandersen |first4=M. |last5=Kaib |first5=N. |last6=Petit |first6=J.-M. |last7=Bannister |first7=M. T. |last8=Chen |first8=Y.-T. |last9=Gwyn |first9=S.|last10=Jakubik|first10=M. |last11=Volk |first11=K. |title=OSSOS. II. A Sharp Transition in the Absolute Magnitude Distribution of the Kuiper Belt's Scattering Population |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=2016 |volume=150 |issue=2 |page=31 |doi= 10.3847/0004-6256/151/2/31 |arxiv= 1511.02896 |bibcode= 2016AJ....151...31S |s2cid=55213074 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |display-authors=etal|last1=Brett Gladman |title=The Solar System Beyond Neptune |date=2008 |page=43}}</ref>
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