Editing Transport in Brazil (section)

== Highways ==
[[Image:Rodovia dos Imigrantes 1.jpg|thumb|left|[[Rodovia dos Imigrantes]]]]
[[Image:Rodovias duplicadas do Brasil no ano de 2021, assinaladas em vermelho.jpg|thumb|right|250px|{{center|Road system in Brazil, with [[Dual carriageway|divided highways]] highlighted in red.}}]]
[[Image:RodBandeirantes.jpg|thumb|left|[[Rodovia dos Bandeirantes]]]]
[[Image:BR050.jpg|thumb|right|[[BR-050]]]]
[[Image:BR-060, de Brasília a Goiânia.jpg|thumb|left|[[BR-060]]]]
[[Image:Rodovia do Café - BR-376, Imbaú.2.jpg|thumb|right|[[BR-376]]]]
[[Image:CURITIBA (BR 277 km 3,5, Trecho Curitiba-Paranaguá), Paraná, Brasil by Nivaldo Cit Filho - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|[[BR-277]]]]

''{{Main|Brazilian Highway System}}''

Brazil has more than {{convert|1720700|km|0|abbr=on}} of [[roads]], of which {{convert|213452|km|0|abbr=on}} are paved (12,4%), and about {{convert|17000|km|0|abbr=on}} are [[dual carriageway|divided highways]], {{convert|6300|km|0|abbr=on}} only in the [[São Paulo (state)|State of São Paulo]]. Currently it is possible to travel from [[Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul|Rio Grande]], in the extreme south of the country, to [[Brasília]] ({{convert|2580|km|0|abbr=on}}) or [[Casimiro de Abreu, Rio de Janeiro|Casimiro de Abreu]], in the state of [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]] ({{convert|2045|km|0|abbr=on}}), only on divided highways. The total of paved roads increased from 35,496&nbsp;km (22,056&nbsp;mi) in 1967 to 215,000&nbsp;km (133,595&nbsp;mi) in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Anuário CNT do Transporte 2021|url=https://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2021/File/PrincipaisDados.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2021/File/PrincipaisDados.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|website=CNT|page=11}}</ref> The two most important highways in the country are [[BR-101]] and [[BR-116]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://anuariodotransporte.cnt.org.br/2018/#| title = Anuário CNT do transporte 2018}}</ref>

Although Brazil has the largest [[dual carriageway|duplicated road network]] in Latin America, it's considered insufficient for the country's needs: in 2021, it was calculated that the ideal amount of duplicated roads would be something around from {{convert|35000|km|0|abbr=on}} to {{convert|42000|km|0|abbr=on}}. The main road axes also have problems because they often have inadequate geometry and constructive characteristics that don't allow quality long-distance flow (non-interference from local traffic and high speed). The Brazilian Federal Government has never implemented a National Highway Plan at the same level as developed countries such as the US, Japan or European countries, which specifically aimed at inter-regional travel, and which should preferably be served by highways (which would differ from the common duplicated highways by geometric pattern, access control without access to neighboring lots, zero level crossings and returns, prohibition of circulation of non-motorized vehicles such as cyclists, animal traction or human propulsion, as per the [[Vienna Convention on Road Traffic|Vienna Convention]]). The Brazilian State, despite some planning efforts, has been guided by a reactive action to the increase in demand (only duplicating some roads with old and inadequate layout) and not by a purposeful vision, directing occupation and economic density in the territory. Another problem is the lack of directing the Union Budget towards infrastructure works: in Brazil there is no law that guarantees funds from the Federal Budget for works on highways and other modes of transport (unlike what happens in sectors such as Education and Health), depending exclusively on the goodwill of the rulers. In the US, for example, the gasoline tax can only be used for transport infrastructure works. Brazil even invested 1.5% of the country's budget in infrastructure in the 1970s, being the time when the most investment was made in highways; but in the 1990s, only 0.1% of the budget was invested in this sector, maintaining an average of 0.5% in the 2000s and 2010, insufficient amounts for the construction of an adequate road network. For comparative purposes, the average investment of the US and the European Union was 1% between 1995 and 2013, even though they already have a much more advanced road infrastructure than Brazil.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kas.de/documents/265553/265602/KA+Cad+2019.2.pdf/eda7b688-9ae3-2f99-29f1-a8006f777abc?version=1.0&t=1567528762159|title= Proposta para uma rede brasileira de autoestradas|author=Silvio Barbosa da Silva Júnior|access-date=29 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bain.com/contentassets/7e48e0824a0e4f2ba4542d36c130cef1/infraestrutura-rodoviaria-no-brasil-para-onde-vamos_pt.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.bain.com/contentassets/7e48e0824a0e4f2ba4542d36c130cef1/infraestrutura-rodoviaria-no-brasil-para-onde-vamos_pt.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title= INFRAESTRUTURA RODOVIÁRIA NO BRASIL: PARA ONDE VAMOS?|author=Fernando Martins, Ricardo Lourenço e Ignacia Oliver|access-date=29 December 2021}}</ref>

The country has a medium rate of car ownership of 471 per 1000 people,<ref>{{Cite web|date=|title=Taxa de motorização no Brasil: veja o aumento em 20 anos|url=https://www.mobilize.org.br/estatisticas/70/taxa-de-motorizacao-no-brasil-veja-o-aumento-em-20-anos.html|access-date=26 December 2021|language=pt}}</ref> however in comparison to the other developing economies of the [[BRIC (economics term)|BRIC]] group Brazil exceeds India and China.{{When|date=April 2025}}{{Citation needed|date=April 2025}}

The country still has several states where paved access to 100% of the state's municipalities has not yet been reached. Some states have 100% of cities with asphalt access, such as [[Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]], which reached this goal in 2014;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sc.gov.br/noticias/temas/transportes-e-estradas/santa-catarina-tem-agora-acesso-asfaltado-a-todas-as-295-cidades|title=Santa Catarina tem, agora, acesso asfaltado a todas as 295 cidades|author=Governo de Santa Catarina|access-date=30 December 2021|archive-date=30 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230125049/https://www.sc.gov.br/noticias/temas/transportes-e-estradas/santa-catarina-tem-agora-acesso-asfaltado-a-todas-as-295-cidades|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Paraíba]], which reached this goal in 2017,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sine.pb.gov.br/der/noticias/ricardo-entrega-estrada-de-carrapateira-e-decreta-fim-do-isolamento-asfaltico-na-paraiba|title=Ricardo entrega estrada de Carrapateira e decreta fim do isolamento asfáltico na Paraíba|author=Governo da Paraíba|access-date=30 December 2021|archive-date=30 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230132642/https://sine.pb.gov.br/der/noticias/ricardo-entrega-estrada-de-carrapateira-e-decreta-fim-do-isolamento-asfaltico-na-paraiba|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Alagoas]], which reached this goal in 2021 <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.correiodosmunicipios-al.com.br/2021/08/com-entrega-de-rodovia-em-pindoba-alagoas-bate-meta-de-asfaltar-100-dos-acessos-aos-municipios/|title=Com entrega de rodovia em Pindoba, Alagoas bate meta de asfaltar 100% dos acessos aos municípios|author=Correio dos Municipios|access-date=30 December 2021|archive-date=30 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211230132633/https://www.correiodosmunicipios-al.com.br/2021/08/com-entrega-de-rodovia-em-pindoba-alagoas-bate-meta-de-asfaltar-100-dos-acessos-aos-municipios/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In states like [[Rio Grande do Sul]], in 2020, there were still 54 cities without asphalt access.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gauchazh.clicrbs.com.br/geral/noticia/2020/02/no-rs-54-municipios-ainda-nao-tem-acesso-asfaltico-e-sofrem-com-poeira-buracos-e-dificuldades-economicas-ck6wm0wqt0l7401qdr1onait8.html|title= No RS, 54 municípios ainda não têm acesso asfáltico e sofrem com poeira, buracos e dificuldades econômicas|author=RBS|date= 21 February 2020|access-date=30 December 2021}}</ref> In [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]], in 2021, there were still 4 cities without asphalt access.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://g1.globo.com/pr/parana/noticia/2021/02/15/quatro-cidades-do-parana-nao-tem-acessos-por-rodovias-estaduais-asfaltadas-moradores-enfrentam-lama-e-transtornos.ghtml|title= Quatro cidades do Paraná não têm acessos por rodovias estaduais asfaltadas; moradores enfrentam lama e transtornos|author=G1 Globo|date= 15 February 2021|access-date=30 December 2021}}</ref> In [[Minas Gerais]], in 2016, there were still 5 cities without asphalt access.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.em.com.br/app/noticia/gerais/2016/04/03/interna_gerais,749599/isolados-por-lama-e-poeira.shtml|title= Moradores de cidades sem ligação asfáltica vivem isolados por lama e poeira|author=Estadão|date= 3 April 2016|access-date=30 December 2021}}</ref>