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True parrot
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==Taxonomy== {{Further|Parrot#Taxonomy}} <div class="noprint"> {{cladogram|width=300|cladogram= {{clade|style=font-size:75%;line-height:75% |label1=[[Psittaciformes]] |1={{clade |label1= |1={{clade |label1='''[[Psittacoidea]]''' |1={{clade |1={{clade |label1=[[Psittaculidae]] |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=[[Agapornithinae]] |2=[[Loriinae]] }} |2=[[Platycercinae]] }} |2=[[Psittacellinae]] }} |2=[[Psittaculinae]] }} |label2=[[Psittrichasiidae]] |2={{clade |1=[[Psittrichasinae]] |2=[[Coracopsinae]] }} }} |label2= |2={{clade |label1=[[Psittacidae]] |1={{clade |1=[[Arinae]] |2=[[Psittacinae]] }} }} }} |2=[[Cacatuoidea]] }} |2=[[Strigopoidea]] }} }} |caption=Phylogeny and relationships of Psittacoidea<ref name=Joseph2012/> }} </div> The parrot family Psittacidae (along with the family Cacatuidae comprising the order Psittaciformes) was traditionally considered to contain two [[subfamily|subfamilies]], the [[Psittacinae]] (typical parrots and allies) and the Loriinae ([[lories and lorikeets]]).<ref name="Collar, N.">{{cite book|last=del Hoyo|title=Handbook of Birds of the World, Vol.4|year=1997|publisher=Lynx Editions|page=281}}</ref> However, the tree of the parrot family now has been reorganized under the superfamily Psittacoidea: family Psittacidae has been split into three families, tribes Strigopini and Nestorini split out and placed under superfamily Strigopoidea and a new monotypic superfamily Cacatuoidea created containing family Cacatuidae.<ref name=Joseph2012/> The following classification is based on the most recent proposal, which in turn is based on all the relevant recent findings.<ref name=Joseph2012>{{cite journal | last1 = Joseph | first1 = Leo | last2 = Toon | first2 = Alicia | last3 = Schirtzinger | first3 = Erin E. | last4 = Wright | first4 = Timothy F. | last5 = Schodde | first5 = Richard | year = 2012 | title = A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes) | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 3205 | pages = 26–40 | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.3205.1.2 }}</ref><ref name="White">{{cite journal|title=The evolutionary history of cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes: Cacatuidae)|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|year=2011|volume=59|pages=615–622|author1= Nicole E. White|author2=Matthew J. Phillips|author3=M. Thomas P. Gilbert|author4=Alonzo Alfaro-Núñez|author5=Eske Willerslev|author6=Peter R. Mawson|author7=Peter B.S. Spencer|author8=Michael Bunce|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.011|pmid=21419232|issue=3|url=http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/4397/1/history_of_cockatoos.pdf}}</ref><ref name="Schweizer2011">{{cite journal|title=Macroevolutionary patterns in the diversification of parrots: effects of climate change, geological events and key innovations|year=2011|author1=Manuel Schweizer, Ole Seehausen |author2=Stefan T. Hertwig |name-list-style=amp |journal=Journal of Biogeography |volume=38|issue=11|pages=2176–2194|doi=10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02555.x|url=https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/eawag/islandora/object/eawag%3A8824}}</ref><ref name="Joseph2011">{{cite journal|title=Molecular systematics of two enigmatic genera ''Psittacella'' and ''Pezoporus'' illuminate the ecological radiation of Australo-Papuan parrots (Aves: Psittaciformes)|author1=Leo Joseph |author2=Alicia Toon |author3=Erin E. Schirtzinger |author4=Timothy F. Wright |year=2011|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=59|pages=675–684|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.017|pmid=21453777|issue=3}}</ref><ref name="Wright">{{cite journal|title=A Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny of the Parrots (Psittaciformes): Support for a Gondwanan Origin during the Cretaceous|journal=Mol Biol Evol|year=2008|first=T.F. |last=Wright |author2=Schirtzinger E. E. |author3=Matsumoto T. |author4=Eberhard J. R. |author5=Graves G. R. |author6=Sanchez J. J. |author7=Capelli S. |author8=Muller H. |author9=Scharpegge J. |author10=Chambers G. K. |author11=Fleischer R. C.|volume=25|issue=10|pages=2141–2156|pmid=18653733|doi=10.1093/molbev/msn160|pmc=2727385}}</ref><ref name="Schweizer2010">{{cite journal|title=The evolutionary diversification of parrots supports a taxon pulse model with multiple trans-oceanic dispersal events and local radiations|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|year=2009|first=M. |last=Schweizer |author2=Seehausen O |author3=Güntert M |author4=Hertwig ST|volume=54|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.021 |pmid=19699808 |issue=3 |pages=984–94}}</ref><ref name=deKloet>{{cite journal|last=de Kloet|first=RS|author2=de Kloet SR |year=2005|title=The evolution of the spindlin gene in birds: Sequence analysis of an intron of the spindlin W and Z gene reveals four major divisions of the Psittaciformes|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=36|pages=706–721|pmid=16099384|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.013|issue=3}}</ref> Family [[Psittacidae]], New World and African parrots *Subfamily [[African parrot|Psittacinae]]: Two African genera, ''[[Psittacus]]'' and ''[[Poicephalus]]'' *Subfamily [[Neotropical parrot|Arinae]] **Tribe [[Arini (tribe)|Arini]]: 17 genera, and one extinct genus **Tribe [[Androglossini]]: seven genera **clade (proposed tribe ''Amoropsittacini'') four genera **clade (proposed tribe ''Forpini'') one genus **(other tribes) five genera Family [[Psittrichasiidae]], Indian Ocean island parrots *Subfamily [[Pesquet's parrot|Psittrichasinae]]: one species, [[Pesquet's parrot]] *Subfamily [[Vasa parrot|Coracopsinae]]: one genus with several species Family [[Psittaculidae]], Asian and Australasian parrots, and lovebirds *Subfamily [[Platycercinae]] ** Tribe [[Pezoporini]]: ground parrots and allies ** Tribe [[Broad-tailed parrot|Platycercini]]: broad-tailed parrots *Subfamily [[Tiger parrot|Psittacellinae]]: one genus (''[[Tiger parrot|Psittacella]]'') with several species *Subfamily [[Loriinae]] ** Tribe [[Lories and lorikeets|Loriini]]: lories and lorikeets ** Tribe [[Budgerigar|Melopsittacini]]: one species, the [[budgerigar]] ** Tribe [[Fig parrot|Cyclopsittini]]: fig parrots *Subfamily [[Agapornithinae]]: three genera *Subfamily [[Psittaculinae]] ** Tribe [[Polytelini]]: three genera ** Tribe [[Psittaculini]]: Asian psittacines ** Tribe [[Pygmy parrot|Micropsittini]]: [[pygmy parrot]]s
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