Editing Turkish Cypriots (section)

===Republic of Cyprus===
[[File:Old Turkish Cypriot quarters in Baf (1969).jpg|thumb|right|250px|An old Turkish Cypriot "''mahalle''" ([[Quarter (country subdivision)|quarter]]) in [[Paphos]] (1969)]]

By 16 August 1960, the island of Cyprus became an independent state, the [[Republic of Cyprus]], with power sharing between the two communities under the [[Zürich and London Agreement|1960 Zurich agreements]], with Britain, Greece and Turkey as Guarantor Powers. Archbishop [[Makarios III]] was elected as president by the Greek Cypriots and [[Fazıl Küçük|Dr. Fazıl Küçük]] was elected as vice-president by the Turkish Cypriots. However, in December 1963, in the events known as "[[Bloody Christmas (1963)|Bloody Christmas]]",<ref>{{Harvnb|Papadakis|2005|loc=82}}.</ref> when Makarios III attempted to modify the Constitution, Greek Cypriots initiated a military campaign against the Turkish Cypriots and began to attack Turkish inhabited villages; by early 1964, the Turkish Cypriots started to withdraw into armed [[Turkish Cypriot enclaves|enclaves]] where the Greek Cypriots blockaded them, resulting in some 25,000 Turkish Cypriots becoming refugees, or internally "displaced persons".<ref name="Cassia 2007 loc=21"/><ref name="Kliot 2007 loc=59"/> This resulted in the UN peacekeeping force, [[UNFICYP]], being stationed on the island as well as an external migration trend of thousands more Turkish Cypriots to the United Kingdom, Turkey, North America and Australia.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hüssein|2007|loc=18}}.</ref> With the rise to power of the [[Greek military junta of 1967–1974|Greek military junta]], a decade later, in 1974, a group of right-wing [[Greek nationalist]]s, [[EOKA B]], who supported the union of Cyprus with Greece, [[1974 Cypriot coup d'etat|launched a putsch]].<ref name="Savvides 2004 loc=260">{{Harvnb|Savvides|2004|loc=260}}.</ref> This action precipitated the [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus]],<ref name="Benvenisti2012">{{cite book|author=Eyal Benvenisti|title=The International Law of Occupation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JKgeX_sdQG0C&pg=PA191|date=23 February 2012|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-958889-3|page=191}}</ref> which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed. The Turkish invasion resulted in the occupation of some 37% of the island in the north.<ref name="Cassia 2007 loc=21">{{Harvnb|Cassia|2007|loc=21}}.</ref> During the invasion of the island, a number of [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus#Against Turkish Cypriots|atrocities]] against the Turkish Cypriot community were committed; such as the [[Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre]] by the Greek Cypriot paramilitary organisation EOKA B. After the Turkish invasion and the ensuing 1975 Vienna agreements, 60,000 Turkish Cypriots who lived in the south of the island fled to the north.<ref name="Tocci 2007 loc=32">{{Harvnb|Tocci|2007|loc=32}}.</ref> The 1974–1975 movement was strictly organised by the Provisional Turkish Administration who tried to preserve village communities intact.<ref name="Kliot 2007 loc=59"/>