Editing Ultrafiltration (section)

== Principles ==
The basic operating principle of ultrafiltration uses a pressure induced separation of solutes from a solvent through a semi permeable membrane.  The relationship between the applied pressure on the solution to be separated and the flux through the membrane is most commonly described by the Darcy equation: <br />
:<math>J = {TMP \over \mu R_\mathrm{t}}</math>,
where {{math|''J''}} is the flux (flow rate per membrane area), {{math|''TMP''}} is the transmembrane pressure (pressure difference between feed and permeate stream), {{math|''μ''}} is solvent viscosity and {{math|''R''<sub>t</sub>}} is the total resistance (sum of membrane and fouling resistance).{{cn|date=September 2023}}