Editing Uncle Luke (section)

===1990s===
1990 saw the release of ''[[Banned in the U.S.A.]]'', originally credited as Campbell's solo album featuring [[2 Live Crew]] and in later editions credited as a 2 Live Crew album. The album included the hits "[[Do the Bart]]" and the title track. It was also the very first release to bear the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]]-standard [[Parental Advisory]] warning sticker.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://europe.newsweek.com/does-parental-advisory-label-still-matter-tipper-gore-336329|title=Does the Parental Advisory Label Still Matter?|last1=Schonfeld|first1=Zach|website=[[Newsweek]]|access-date=24 July 2016}}</ref> It peaked at number 20 on the Hot 100.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/luke|title=Luke Banned In The U.S.A. Chart History|magazine=Billboard|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref>

The eponymous title single is a reference to the decision in a court case that the group's album ''[[As Nasty as They Wanna Be]]'' was obscene. [[Bruce Springsteen]] granted the group permission to [[Interpolation (popular music)|interpolate]] his song "[[Born in the U.S.A. (song)|Born in the U.S.A.]]" for it.<ref>{{cite web|work=Washington Times|title=Live Crew's New Cut|date=1990-07-03|access-date=2024-06-04|first=Richard|last=Harrington|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1990/07/04/live-crews-new-cut/e4fc6192-8b01-41e2-abec-c19770252511/}}</ref>

Displeased over the decision of Florida Governor [[Bob Martinez]] who, on being asked to examine the album, decided it was obscene and recommended local law enforcement take action against it and over the subsequent action of [[Broward County, Florida]], [[sheriff]] [[Nick Navarro (sheriff)|Nick Navarro]], who arrested local record-store owners on obscenity charges for selling the group's albums and the subsequent arrest of members of the group on obscenity charges, the group included the song "Fuck Martinez", which also includes multiple repetitions of the phrase "fuck Navarro". The group found two other men with the same names, and had them sign releases, as they thought that this action would make it impossible for Martinez or Navarro to sue them.

That same year they released ''[[Live in Concert (2 Live Crew album)|Live in Concert]]'', the group's first and only live album, and their fifth record overall. It was released under the Effect subsidiary label of [[Luke Records]], a move that was deemed necessary for the company to be able to release additional 2 Live Crew material outside of their distribution deal with [[Atlantic Records]]. The album peaked at number 46 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/the-2-live-crew/chart-history/r-b-hip-hop-albums/song/375159|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180511103724/https://www.billboard.com/music/the-2-live-crew/chart-history/r-b-hip-hop-albums/song/375159|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 11, 2018|title=The 2 Live Crew Live In Concert Chart History|magazine=Billboard|access-date=2018-04-03}}</ref>

''[[Sports Weekend: As Nasty as They Wanna Be, Pt. 2]]'' (1991) is the sixth album overall and fifth studio album by the [[2 Live Crew]].  A clean version was released later that same year titled ''Sports Weekend: As Clean as They Wanna Be Part II'' and was the sequel of ''[[As Clean as They Wanna Be]]''. This would be the last studio album by all original members of the 2 Live Crew.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.amazon.ca/My-Rise-Fame-Autobiography-Legend-ebook/dp/B010NY9W06|title="My Rise 2 Fame": The Tell All Autobiography of a Hip Hop Legend|last=Wong Won|first=Christopher 'Fresh Kid Ice"|date=July 20, 2015|publisher=Iconic Three Media Group, LLC}}</ref>

In 1992, ''[[I Got Shit on My Mind]]'' was released. It was his first official solo album without The 2 Live Crew. It peaked at #52 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] chart and #20 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]] chart. It was the album that spawned the hit single "I Wanna Rock" (better known more prominently as "Doo-Doo Brown"), which became Campbell's signature song. Upon its initial release in 1992, the song did not garner much attention until the following year, when it became a runaway hit, and charted at 73 on the Hot 100.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/luke|title=Luke I Wanna Rock Chart History|magazine=Billboard|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref>

June 8, 1993 saw the release of his third solo album ''[[In the Nude]]''. It was another success, reaching #54 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] and #8 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/luke|title=Luke In The Nude Chart History|magazine=Billboard|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref>

One of The 2 Live Crew’s songs, which used a parody of [[Roy Orbison]]'s "[[Oh, Pretty Woman]]", was the subject of a 1993-1994 lawsuit,  ''[[Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc.]]'', which was argued in front of the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]]. The ''[[Miami New Times]]'' described Campbell as "the man whose booty-shaking madness once made the U.S. Supreme Court stand up for free speech".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2011-01-13/news/luke-for-miami-mayor/|title=Luke for Miami Mayor! |author=Luther Campbell|date=January 11, 2011|access-date=November 26, 2014}}</ref>

In 1994, he reunited with Fresh Kid Ice, and a local rapper named Verb made an album under the banner The New 2 Live Crew. It is the last 2 Live Crew related project to feature him. The album became a moderate hit, peaking at #52 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] and #9 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]], as well as producing two charting singles, "Hell, Yeah" and "You Go Girl" who were both made into music videos.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/the-new-2-live-crew|title=The New 2 Live Crew Back At Your Ass For The Nine-4 Chart History|magazine=Billboard|access-date=2019-02-26}}</ref>

''[[Freak for Life]]'' is Campbell's fourth album. It was released on July 12, 1994, through [[Luke Records]]. ''Freak for Life'' peaked at #174 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] and #24 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]], making it his lowest charting album at the time. One single found mild success, "It's Your Birthday" peaked at #33 on the [[Hot Rap Singles]] and #91 on the [[Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks]].

Also in 1994, Campbell co-founded ''Liberty City Optimists'', an inner city youth sports program.  One of his notable apprentices is [[Devonta Freeman]], who went on to play college football for [[Florida State Seminoles football|Florida State Seminoles]], rival of the Hurricanes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzN7D4sGOoE| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826032240/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzN7D4sGOoE| archive-date=2014-08-26 | url-status=dead|title=Devonta Freeman has unlikely, but inspiring mentor|work=YouTube|access-date=November 26, 2014}}</ref>

Campbell and his label, Luke Records, Inc. went bankrupt in 1995 and sold their catalogs to Joseph Weinberger and Lil' Joe Records, Inc. in 1996.

''[[Uncle Luke (album)|Uncle Luke]]'' was released on May 14, 1996, on [[Luke Records|Luther Campbell Music]] and was mainly produced by Darren "DJ Spin" Rudnick, and Rod XL, with additional production by [[Frankie Cutlass]], [[Ice Cube]] and [[Doug E. Fresh]]. ''Uncle Luke'' was a success, peaking at #51 on the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] and #8 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]] and spawned a single, "Scarred", which made it to #64 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and #7 on the [[Hot Rap Singles]], the song was also turned into a Video.

''[[Changin' the Game]]'' is the sixth album released by Campbell. It was released on November 11, 1997, on the [[Island Records|Island Black Music]] label in collaboration with [[Luke Records]] and featured production from Campbell, Rod XL, [[Lil' Jon]] and Louis "Ugly" Howard. Though the album was met with some positive reviews, the album was a flop and remains Campbell's lowest charting album, only making it to #49 on the [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums]]. However, the single "Raise the Roof" found great success peaking at #26 on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] and #1 on the [[Hot Rap Singles]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/luke|title=Luke Raise The Roof Chart History|magazine=Billboard|access-date=2019-03-01}}</ref> The song helped to popularize the arm gesture by the same name which involved repeatedly extending ones arms upwards with the palms of the hands also facing upwards. The song is also featured in the compilation album ''[[Jock Jams Volume 4]]''.

In 1998 he played a supporting role in the movie [[Ride (1998 film)|''Ride'']] a [[comedy film]] written and directed by [[Millicent Shelton]]. It stars [[Malik Yoba]], [[Fredro Starr]], and [[Melissa De Sousa]]. Also that year he made a special cameo appearance in [[Ice Cube]]'s ''[[The Players Club]]''. The [[comedy]]/[[Drama (film and television)|drama film]] stars [[Bernie Mac]], [[Monica Calhoun]], [[Jamie Foxx]], [[John Amos]], [[Anthony Johnson (actor)|A. J. Johnson]], Alex Thomas, [[Charlie Murphy (actor)|Charlie Murphy]], [[Terrence Howard]], [[Faizon Love]] and [[LisaRaye]].