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V-tail
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==Advantages== Ideally, with fewer surfaces than a conventional three-aerofoil tail or a [[T-tail]], the V-tail is lighter and has less [[Wetted area|wetted surface area]], so thus produces less [[lift-induced drag|induced]] and [[parasitic drag]]. However, [[National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics|NACA]] studies indicated that the V-tail surfaces must be larger than simple projection into the vertical and horizontal planes would suggest, such that total wetted area is roughly constant; reduction of intersection surfaces from three to two does, however, produce a net reduction in drag through elimination of some [[Parasitic drag#Interference drag|interference drag]].<ref name="raymer">{{cite book |title=Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach |first=Daniel P. |last=Raymer |edition=3rd |year=1999 |publisher=American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics |location=Reston, Virginia |isbn=1-56347-281-3 |page=78}}</ref> Light jet aircraft such as the [[Cirrus Vision SF50]], the [[Eclipse 400]], the [[Sonex SubSonex]] or larger jet aircraft, such as the [[Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk]] unmanned aerial drone often have the power plant placed outside the aircraft. In such cases V-tails are used to avoid placing the vertical stabilizer in the exhaust of the engine, which would disrupt the flow of the exhaust, reducing thrust and increasing wear on the stabilizer, possibly leading to damage over time.<ref name="Cirrus">{{cite web |url=http://www.the-jet.com/infobase.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061209140504/http://www.the-jet.com/infobase.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2006-12-09 |title=Cirrus SJ50 Design Notes |access-date=2008-08-14 |work=www.the-jet.com|publisher = Cirrus Design Corporation|year = 2008}}</ref> In military aircraft, V-tails reduce the number of right angles on an aircraft, improving its [[stealth aircraft|stealth]] characteristics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2021/07/19/look-closely-at-russias-checkmate-fighter-its-tail-is-one-key-to-its-stealth/|title=Look Closely At Russia's Checkmate Fighter—Its Tail Is One Key To Its Stealth|first=David|last=Axe|website=Forbes}}</ref>
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