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Vortex ring state
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== Pilot or operator reaction == Helicopter pilots are most commonly taught to avoid VRS by monitoring their rates of descent at lower airspeeds. When encountering VRS, pilots are taught to apply forward cyclic to fly out of the condition and/or lowering [[collective pitch]].<ref name="AC 61-13B"/> While transitioning to forward or lateral flight will alleviate the condition by itself, lowering the collective to reduce the power demand decreases the size of the vortices and reduces the amount of time required to be free of the condition. However, since the condition often occurs near the ground, lowering the collective may not be an option; a loss of altitude will occur proportional to the rate of descent developed before beginning the recovery. In some cases, vortex ring state is encountered and allowed to advance to the point that the pilot may severely lose cyclic authority due to the disrupted airflow. In these cases, the pilot's only recourse may be to enter an [[autorotation (helicopter)|autorotation]] to break the rotor system free of its vortex ring state.<ref name="Helo" /> === Tandem rotor helicopters === In a [[tandem rotor]] helicopter, forward cyclic will not arrest the rate of descent caused by VRS. In such a helicopter, which utilizes differential collective pitch in order to gain airspeed, lateral cyclic inputs must be made accompanied by pedal inputs in order to slide horizontally out of the vortex ring state's disturbed air.{{Citation needed|date=June 2021}} === Radio control multirotors === [[Radio control]]led [[multirotor]]s (common on drones) are subject to normal rotorcraft aerodynamics, including vortex ring state. Frame design, size and power affect the likelihood of entering the state and recovering from it. Multirotors that do not have altitude hold are also more likely to succumb to operator error, where the pilot drops the craft too fast resulting in the upwash at the rotor hubs that can lead to vortex ring state. Those that are equipped with that feature, on the other hand, tend to control their descent automatically and can usually (but not always) escape the dangerous condition.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LCret4rv0HE |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/LCret4rv0HE| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Quadcopter "Wobble of Death": VRS Recovery and Avoidance |work=YouTube |date=August 2014 |access-date=21 September 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
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