Editing Vote pairing (section)

=== Canada ===
Canadian voters extensively use strategic voting and strategic voting pledges. For example, during the [[2015 Canadian federal election|2015 federal election]], strategic voting was used extensively against the [[Conservative Party of Canada|Conservative]] government of [[Stephen Harper]], which had benefited from [[vote splitting]] among centrist and left-leaning parties in the [[2011 Canadian federal election|2011 election]].<ref>{{cite web |date=18 October 2015 |title=Strategic Voting Must Include Casting Your Ballot for the Green Party |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/ken-wu/strategetic-voting-green_b_8305938.html |newspaper=The Huffington Post}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |url=http://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/the-current-for-october-15-2015-1.3271954/federal-election-2015-strategic-voters-challenge-democracy-1.3271971 |title=Federal Election 2015: Strategic voters challenge democracy |date=15 October 2015 |medium=Radio broadcast |publisher=[[CBC Radio]] |first1=Anna Maria |last1=Tremonti}}</ref> Following the landslide victory of the [[Liberal Party of Canada|Liberals]] led by [[Justin Trudeau]] over Harper's Conservatives, experts argued that this dramatic increase in support for the Liberals at the expense of the NDP and [[Green Party of Canada|Green Party]] was partially due to strategic voting for Liberal candidates.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Press |first1=Jordan |date=20 October 2015 |title=Canada Election Result Numbers Show Canadians Voted Strategically: Experts |newspaper=Huffington Post |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2015/10/20/canada-election-results-strategic-voting_n_8343104.html}}</ref> In three weeks, 1.4 million voters switched from NDP to Liberal. In at least two closely-contested ridings, strategic voting websites obtained enough pledges to account for the victory margin of the Liberal candidate.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Ali |last1=Kashani |title=Proof That Trudeau Won Because Strategic Voting Works |date=22 October 2015 |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/ali-kashani/strategic-voting-justin-trudeau_b_8351796.html}}</ref>

Vote swapping websites can also help voters switch votes from district to district, such as VotePair.ca (also PairVote.ca), created by Gerry Kirk. In the [[2008 Canadian federal election]], VotePair.ca claimed that 6,000 people registered to swap their vote and 2,800 successful vote swaps occurred.<ref>{{cite web |title=Federal Election 2008 – Vote Swap Final Report |date=October 23, 2008 |first1=Gerry |last1=Kirk |publisher=VotePair.ca |url=https://www.votepair.ca/canada-2008/final-report/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=25 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090425163814/https://www.votepair.ca/canada-2008/final-report/ |quote=Roughly 6,000 registered to swap their vote (4,000 Facebook, 2,000 www.votepair.ca) across all 302 ridings More than 2,800 voters paired/swapped across the country}}</ref> In the [[2011 Canadian federal election]], VotePair.ca claimed that 5,741 people had registered 1 week before the election,<ref>{{cite web |title=Vote swapping round 1 results are in |date=26 April 2011 |first1=Gerry |last1=Kirk |publisher=VotePair.ca |url=http://www.votepair.ca/canada-2011/vote-swapping-round-1-results-are-in/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801172807/http://www.votepair.ca/canada-2011/vote-swapping-round-1-results-are-in/}}</ref> that 7,522 people registered in total, and that 1,713 swaps (for 3,426 votes) officially occurred,<ref>{{cite web |title=Looking back and ahead: final report on 2011 federal election |first1=Gerry |last1=Kirk |publisher=VotePair.ca |url=http://www.votepair.ca/canada-2011/looking-back-and-ahead-final-report-on-2011-federal-election/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724124943/http://www.votepair.ca/canada-2011/looking-back-and-ahead-final-report-on-2011-federal-election/}}</ref> of which 838 were swapped into Greens, 1367 into NDP, and 1488 into Liberals.<ref>{{cite web |first1=Gerry |last1=Kirk |title=Swap Statistics |publisher=VotePair.ca |url=https://www.votepair.ca/swap-statistics/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191007044122/https://www.votepair.ca/swap-statistics/}}</ref>