Editing Wind power (section)

=== Collection and transmission network ===
Near offshore wind farms may be connected by AC and far offshore by HVDC.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Action |first=BMWK-Federal Ministry for Economics Affairs and Climate |title=Connecting offshore wind energy to the grid |url=https://www.bmwk.de/Redaktion/EN/Artikel/Energy/connecting-offshore-wind-energy-to-the-grid.html |access-date=2023-01-20 |website=www.bmwk.de |language=en}}</ref>

Wind power resources are not always located near areas with a high [[population density]]. As transmission lines become longer, the losses associated with power transmission increase, as modes of losses at lower lengths are exacerbated and new modes of losses are no longer negligible as the length is increased; making it harder to transport large loads over large distances.<ref>Power System Analysis and Design. Glover, Sarma, Overbye/ 5th Edition</ref>

When the transmission capacity does not meet the generation capacity, wind farms are forced to produce below their full potential or stop running altogether, in a process known as [[Curtailment (electricity)|curtailment]]. While this leads to potential renewable generation left untapped, it prevents possible grid overload or risk to reliable service.<ref name=maine>[http://www.pressherald.com/news/there-is-a-problem-with wind-power-in-maine_2013-08-04.html?pagenum=full Inadequate transmission lines keeping some Maine wind power off the grid – The Portland Press Herald / Maine Sunday Telegram] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124094412/https://www.pressherald.com/2013/08/04/there-is-a-problem-withwind-power-in-maine_2013-08-04/ |date=24 November 2021 }}. Pressherald.com (4 August 2013). Retrieved on 20 July 2016.</ref>

One of the biggest current challenges to wind power grid integration in some countries is the necessity of developing new transmission lines to carry power from wind farms, usually in remote lowly populated areas due to availability of wind, to high load locations, usually on the coasts where population density is higher.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-04-07|title=From West to East: The Charged Challenge of Delivering Electricity|url=https://www.chinabusinessreview.com/from-west-to-east-the-charged-challenge-of-delivering-electricity/|access-date=2021-11-24|website=China Business Review|language=en-US}}</ref> Any existing transmission lines in remote locations may not have been designed for the transport of large amounts of energy.<ref name="nytimes.com">Wald, Matthew (26 August 2008) [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/27/business/27grid.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Wind Energy Bumps Into Power Grid's Limits] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701110101/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/27/business/27grid.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 |date=1 July 2017 }}. ''New York Times''</ref> In particular geographic regions, peak wind speeds may not coincide with peak demand for electrical power, whether offshore or onshore. A possible future option may be to interconnect widely dispersed geographic areas with an HVDC [[super grid]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barnard|first=Michael|date=2021-11-11|title=Breaking News: China & USA Joint Declaration On Climate Action Collaboration|url=https://cleantechnica.com/2021/11/11/breaking-news-china-and-usa-joint-declaration-on-climate-action-collaboration/|access-date=2021-11-23|website=CleanTechnica|language=en-US|archive-date=12 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211112143817/https://cleantechnica.com/2021/11/11/breaking-news-china-and-usa-joint-declaration-on-climate-action-collaboration/|url-status=live}}</ref>