Editing Wingtip vortices (section)

== Formation flight ==
[[File:CanadianGeeseFlyingInVFormation.jpg|thumb|[[Canada goose|Canada geese]] in [[V formation]]]]

One theory on migrating bird flight states that many larger bird species fly in a [[V formation]] so that all but the leader bird can take advantage of the [[downwash|upwash]] part of the wingtip vortex of the bird ahead.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Wieselsberger |first=C. |date=1914 |title=Beitrag zur Erklärung des Winkelfluges einiger Zugvögel |language=de |journal=Zeitschrift für Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffahrt |location=München/Berlin |publisher=Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft für Luftfahrt |volume=5 |pages=225–229 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Lissaman |first1=P.B.S. |last2=Shollenberger |first2=C.A. |date=1970 |title=Formation Flight of Birds |jstor=1729351|language=en |journal=Science |volume=168 |issue=3934 |pages=1003–1005 |bibcode = 1970Sci...168.1003L |doi = 10.1126/science.168.3934.1003 |pmid=5441020 |s2cid=21251564 }}</ref>