Editing Worldview (section)

==Terror management theory==
{{Main|Terror management theory}}

[[File:Memento Mori! (19496674796).jpg|thumb|upright|In [[terror management theory]], one's worldview helps to alleviate the [[anxiety]] caused by [[Death anxiety|awareness of one's own mortality]].]]

A worldview, according to [[terror management theory]] (TMT), serves as a buffer against death anxiety.<ref name="worm">{{cite journal |last1=Schimel |first1=Jeff |last2=Hayes |first2=Joseph |last3=Williams |first3=Todd |last4=Jahrig |first4=Jesse |title=Is death really the worm at the core? Converging evidence that worldview threat increases death-thought accessibility. |journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |date=2007 |volume=92 |issue=5 |pages=789–803 |doi=10.1037/0022-3514.92.5.789 |pmid=17484605 }}</ref> It is theorized that living up to the ideals of one's worldview provides a sense of self-esteem which provides a sense of transcending the limits of human life (e.g. literally, as in religious belief in immortality; symbolically, as in art works or children to live on after one's death, or in contributions to one's culture).<ref name="worm" /> Evidence in support of terror management theory includes a series of experiments by Jeff Schimel and colleagues in which a group of Canadians found to score highly on a measure of patriotism were asked to read an essay attacking the dominant Canadian worldview.<ref name="worm" />

Using a test of [[Terror management theory#Death thought accessibility|death-thought accessibility]] (DTA), involving an ambiguous word completion test (e.g. "COFF__" could either be completed as either "COFFEE" or "COFFIN" or "COFFER"), participants who had read the essay attacking their worldview were found to have a significantly higher level of DTA than the control group, who read a similar essay attacking Australian cultural values. Mood was also measured following the worldview threat, to test whether the increase in death thoughts following worldview threat were due to other causes, for example, anger at the attack on one's cultural worldview.<ref name="worm" /> No significant changes on mood scales were found immediately following the worldview threat.<ref name="worm" />

To test the generalisability of these findings to groups and worldviews other than those of nationalistic Canadians, Schimel ''et al'' conducted a similar experiment on a group of religious individuals whose worldview included that of [[creationism]].<ref name="worm" /> Participants were asked to read an essay which argued in support of the theory of evolution, following which the same measure of DTA was taken as for the Canadian group.<ref name="worm" /> Religious participants with a creationist worldview were found to have a significantly higher level of death-thought accessibility than those of the control group.<ref name="worm" />

Goldenberg ''et al'' found that highlighting the similarities between humans and other animals increases death-thought accessibility, as does attention to the physical rather than meaningful qualities of sex.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Goldenberg |first1=Jamie L. |last2=Cox |first2=Cathy R. |last3=Pyszczynski |first3=Tom |last4=Greenberg |first4=Jeff |last5=Solomon |first5=Sheldon |title=Understanding human ambivalence about sex: The effects of stripping sex of meaning |journal=Journal of Sex Research |date=November 2002 |volume=39 |issue=4 |pages=310–320 |doi=10.1080/00224490209552155 |pmid=12545414 |s2cid=24419836 }}</ref>