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===Other languages=== In languages which adopted the [[Latin script|Latin alphabet]] later, {{angbr|x}} is used for various sounds, in some cases inspired by Latin or its descendants, but in others for unrelated consonants. Since the various Romance pronunciations of {{angbr|x}} can often be written in other ways, the letter becomes available for other sounds. *In [[Albanian language|Albanian]], {{angbr|x}} represents {{IPAslink|dz}} while the [[Digraph (orthography)|digraph]] {{angbr|xh}} represents {{IPAslink|dʒ}}. *It represents {{IPAslink|x}} ([[voiceless velar fricative]]) in [[Apache]], [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]], [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]] (Hawar alphabet), [[Georgian language|Georgian]] (when Latinized), [[Lojban]], [[Pashto]] (when Latinized), [[Tatar language|Tatar]] (Jaꞑalif, Zamanälif, official romanization of 2012), [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]], and [[Uyghur language|Uyghur]] ([[Uyghur Latin alphabet|Latin script]]). *In [[Basque language|Basque]], {{angbr|x}} represents {{IPAslink|ʃ}}. Additionally, the digraph {{angbr|tx}} represents {{IPAslink|tʃ}}. *In [[Hanyu Pinyin]], [[Standard Chinese]]'s official transcription system in China, Malaysia, Singapore, and Taiwan, the letter {{angbr|x}} represents the [[voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative]] {{IPAslink|ɕ}}, for instance in '[[Xi (surname)|Xi]]', {{IPA|/ɕi/}}. *In [[Dutch language|Dutch]], {{angbr|x}} usually represents {{IPA|/ks/}}, except in the name of the island of [[Texel]], which is pronounced ''Tessel''. This is because of [[Dutch language#Historical sound changes|historical sound-changes in Dutch]], where all {{IPA|/ks/}} sounds have been replaced by {{IPAslink|s}} sounds. Words with an {{angbr|x}} in the Dutch language are nowadays usually [[loanword]]s. In the [[Languages of Belgium|Dutch-speaking part of Belgium]], [[family name]]s with {{angbr|x}} are not uncommon (e.g. ''Dierckxa'' and ''Hendrickx''). *In [[Esperanto]], the [[x-convention]] replaces {{angbr|[[ĉ]]}}, {{angbr|[[ĝ]]}}, {{angbr|[[ĥ]]}}, {{angbr|[[ĵ]]}}, {{angbr|[[ŝ]]}}, and {{angbr|[[ŭ]]}} with x-suffixes: {{angbr|cx}}, {{angbr|gx}}, {{angbr|hx}}, {{angbr|jx}}, {{angbr|sx}}, and {{angbr|ux}}. *In [[German language|German]], generally pronounced {{IPA|/ks/}}; in native words, however, such as ''Ochs'' or ''wachsen'', the cluster {{IPA|/ks/}} is often written {{angbr|chs}}. *In transliterations of [[Languages of India|Indian languages]], primarily Indo-Aryan languages, {{angbr|x}} represents the consonant cluster {{IPA|[kʃ]}} in alternate spellings of words containing 'क्ष' (kṣ), especially names such as [[Laxmi]] and [[Dikshit|Dixit]]. Less frequently, {{angbr|x}} is used to represent 'ख़' {{IPAslink|x}}. *In [[Lao language|Lao]], based on [[romanization of Lao#Consonants|romanization of Lao consonants]], {{angbr|x}} represents {{IPAslink|s}}, while appears to be homophonous with {{angbr|s}}, it is a "low consonant" and affects the tone of the following vowel, e.g. in [[Lan Xang]]. *In [[Maltese language|Maltese]], {{angbr|x}} is pronounced {{IPAslink|ʃ}} or, in some cases, {{IPAslink|ʒ}} (only in loanwords such as 'televixin', and not for all speakers). *In [[Nahuatl]], {{angbr|x}} represents {{IPAslink|ʃ}}. *In [[Nguni languages]], {{angbr|x}} represents the [[alveolar lateral click]] {{IPAslink|ǁ}}. *In [[Norwegian language|Norwegian]], {{angbr|x}} is generally pronounced {{IPA|/ks/}}, but since the 19th century, there has been a tendency to spell it out as {{angbr|ks}}; it may still be retained in personal names, though it is fairly rare, and occurs mostly in foreign words and [[SMS language]]. Usage in [[Danish language|Danish]] and [[Finnish language|Finnish]] is similar (while [[Swedish language|Swedish]], on the other hand, makes frequent use of {{angbr|x}} in native words as well as in loanwords). *In [[Pirahã language|Pirahã]], {{angbr|x}} symbolizes the [[glottal stop]] {{IPAslink|ʔ}}. *In [[Polish language|Polish]], {{angbr|x}} was used prior to 19th century both in loanwords and native words and was pronounced {{IPA|/ks/}} or {{IPA|/ɡz/}}, e.g. ''xiążę'', ''xięstwo'' (now ''książę'', ''księstwo''). This was later replaced by {{angbr|ks}} and {{angbr|gz}} in almost all words and remained only in a few loanwords as 'xenia' (''xenien''), surnames as ''Axentowicz'', ''Rexemowski'', and ''Xiężopolski'', names as ''Xawery'', and ''Xymena'', and abbreviations. *In [[Vietnamese alphabet#Consonants|Vietnamese]], {{angbr|x}} represents {{IPAslink|s}}. This sound was {{IPAblink|ɕ}} in Middle Vietnamese, resembling the Portuguese {{IPAslink|ʃ}}, spelled {{angbr|x}}. An illustrative example of {{angbr|x}} as a "leftover" letter is the differing usage in three different [[Cushitic languages]]: *[[Afar language|Afar]]: [[voiced alveolar implosive]] {{IPAslink|ɗ}} *[[Oromo language|Oromo]]: [[alveolar ejective]] {{IPAslink|tʼ}} *[[Somali language|Somali]]: [[voiceless pharyngeal fricative]] {{IPAslink|ħ}}
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