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Yola dialect
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== Orthography == {{Unreferenced section|date=April 2022}} An exact spelling system for Yola has never been codified, beyond general trends listed in [[Jacob Poole]]'s writings. Most of the spellings are meant as comparisons to standard English ones of his day and the pronunciations are largely reconstructed. The following are listed here:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Poole |first=Jacob |url=https://ia601609.us.archive.org/6/items/bub_gb_KBEHAAAAQAAJ/bub_gb_KBEHAAAAQAAJ.pdf |title=A Glossary With Some Pieces of Verse of the Old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland |year=1867 |editor-last=Barnes |editor-first=William |edition=2nd |pages=13–16 |language=en}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible" |+Yola orthography !Yola spelling !Phoneme ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]) !Example !Notes |- !Aa |{{IPA|/a/}}, {{IPA|/ə/}} <small>(unstressed)</small> |{{lang|yol|angerth}} "angered", {{lang|yol|aloghe}} "below" | |- !Aa aa |{{IPA|/ɛː/}} |{{lang|yol|aany}} "any" | |- !A(a)i aai, A(a)y a(a)y |{{IPA|/ej/}} |{{lang|yol|brail}} "barrel" | |- !A(a)u a(a)u, A(a)w a(a)w |{{IPA|/ɔː/}} |{{lang|yol|caure}} "care" | |- !Bb |{{IPA|/b/}} |{{lang|yol|bryne}} "brain" | |- !Cc |{{IPA|/k/}}, {{IPA|/s/}} <small>(before {{vr|e, i, y}})</small> |{{lang|yol|comfoort}} "comfort", {{lang|yol|laace}} "lace" |[[Hard and soft C|soft c]] used mainly in analogies to English words |- !Ch ch |{{IPA|/tʃ/}} |{{lang|yol|chugh}} "chough" |also used for {{IPA|/x/}} |- !Dd |{{IPA|/d/}} |{{lang|yol|deed}} "dead" | |- !Dh dh |{{IPA|/ð/}} |{{lang|yol|dhunder}} "thunder" | |- !Ee |{{IPA|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA|/ə/}} <small>(unstressed)</small> |{{lang|yol|ess}} "ass, donkey", {{lang|yol|elles}} "else" |silent at the end of a word, but not in unstressed syllables |- !Ea ea |{{IPA|/eː/}} |{{lang|yol|eale}} "eel" | |- !Ee ee |{{IPA|/iː/}} |{{lang|yol|eeren}} "iron" | |- !E(e)i e(e)i, E(e)y e(e)y |{{IPA|/əj/}} |{{lang|yol|jeist}} "just now" | |- !Eou eou, Eow eow |{{IPA|/ew/}} |{{lang|yol|keow}} "cow" | |- !Eu eu, Ew ew |{{IPA|/iw/}} |{{lang|yol|vew}} "few" | |- !Ff |{{IPA|/f/}} |{{lang|yol|flaase}} "fleece" | |- !Gg |{{IPA|/g/}}, {{IPA|/dʒ/}} <small>(before {{vr|e, i, y}})</small> |{{lang|yol|greash}} "grace", {{lang|yol|burge}} "bridge" |[[Hard and soft G|soft g]] used mainly in analogies to English words |- !Gh gh |{{IPA|/x/}}, {{IPA|/g/}} <small>(word-initial)</small> |{{lang|yol|faighe}} "faith", {{lang|yol|ghembols}} "pranks" |never silent possibly also {{IPA|/ɣ/}} |- !Hh |{{IPA|/h/}} |{{lang|yol|hoorn}} "horn" |silent in consonant clusters not listed here |- !Ii |{{IPA|/ɪ/}} |{{lang|yol|ing}} "in" | |- !Ie ie |{{IPA|/aj/}}, {{IPA|/i/}} <small>(word-final)</small> |{{lang|yol|ieen}} "eyes", {{lang|yol|vidie}} "where" | |- !Jj |{{IPA|/dʒ/}} |{{lang|yol|joudge}} "judge" | |- !Kk |{{IPA|/k/}} |{{lang|yol|kiver}} "cover" | |- !Kh kh |{{IPA|/x/}} |{{lang|yol|teikh}} "to teach" |also used for {{IPA|/k/}} |- !Ll |{{IPA|/l/}} |{{lang|yol|laace}} "lace" | |- !Mm |{{IPA|/m/}} |{{lang|yol|mead}} "meadow" | |- !Nn |{{IPA|/n/}} |{{lang|yol|neesht}} "next" | |- !Oo |{{IPA|/ɔ/}} |{{lang|yol|ov}} "of" |rarely used alone |- !Oa oa, O...e o...e |{{IPA|/oː/}} |{{lang|yol|oan}} "one" | |- !Oee oee |{{IPA|/oj/}} |{{lang|yol|joee}} "joy" | |- !Oo oo |{{IPA|/uː/}} |{{lang|yol|oor}} "our" | |- !O(o)u o(o)u |{{IPA|/ʊ/}} |{{lang|yol|goun}} "gun" | |- !Ow ow |{{IPA|/ow/}} |{{lang|yol|howe}} "hoe (gardening tool)" | |- !Pp |{{IPA|/p/}} |{{lang|yol|pry}} "pray" | |- !Ph ph |{{IPA|/f/}} |{{lang|yol|phen}} "when" |used mainly as an analogy to English words spelt with {{vr|ph}} or {{vr|wh}} |- !Qq |{{IPA|/kw/}} |{{lang|yol|querne}} "quern" |used mainly as an analogy to English words spelt with {{vr|qu}} |- !Rr |{{IPA|/r/}} |{{lang|yol|rooze}} "rouse" | |- !Ss |{{IPA|/s/}} |{{lang|yol|scaul}} "scald" | |- !Sh sh |{{IPA|/ʃ/}} |{{lang|yol|shoo}} "she" | |- !Tt |{{IPA|/t/}} |{{lang|yol|taape}} "tape" | |- !Th th |{{IPA|/θ/}} |{{lang|yol|thrist}} "trust" |also used for {{IPA|/ð/}} |- !Uu |{{IPA|/ɔ/}} |{{lang|yol|understhoane}} "understand" | |- !Ui ui, Uy uy |{{IPA|/uj/}} |{{lang|yol|buye}} "boy" | |- !Vv |{{IPA|/v/}} |{{lang|yol|vear}} "fear" | |- !Ww |{{IPA|/w/}} |{{lang|yol|wauste}} "waste" | |- !Xx |{{IPA|/ks/}} |{{lang|yol|voxe}} "fox" |used mainly as an analogy to English words spelt with {{vr|x}} |- !Yy |{{IPA|/ɪ/}}, {{IPA|/j/}} <small>(consonant)</small> |{{lang|yol|mycheare}} "idler", {{lang|yol|yeat}} "gate" | |- !Y...e y...e, -ye |{{IPA|/aj/}} |{{lang|yol|gryne}} "grain" | |- !Zz |{{IPA|/z/}} |{{lang|yol|zister}} "sister" | |- !Zh zh |{{IPA|/ʒ/}} |{{lang|yol|zheep}} "sheep" | |} Note that the spellings can be somewhat inconsistent, due to many words attempting to draw comparison to English cognates and variation within the dialect. Not too much of the above, particularly regarding the vowels, is exactly certain.
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