Editing Democratization (section)

==== International institutions ====
A number of studies have found that international institutions have helped facilitate democratization.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Pevehouse|first=Jon C.|date=2002|title=Democracy from the Outside-In? International Organizations and Democratization|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-organization/article/abs/democracy-from-the-outsidein-international-organizations-and-democratization/E3F63B3207C1282FA3A8146F2D792DFB|journal=International Organization|language=en|volume=56|issue=3|pages=515–549|doi=10.1162/002081802760199872|s2cid=154702046|issn=1531-5088|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mansfield|first1=Edward D.|last2=Pevehouse|first2=Jon C.|date=2006|title=Democratization and International Organizations|journal=International Organization|language=en|volume=60|issue=1|pages=137–167|doi=10.1017/S002081830606005X|doi-broken-date=2024-11-15 |issn=1531-5088|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Hafner-Burton|first=Emilie M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BjrQ6YQC6d8C|title=Forced to Be Good: Why Trade Agreements Boost Human Rights|date=2011|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-5746-3|language=en}}</ref> [[Thomas Risse]] wrote in 2009, "there is a consensus in the literature on Eastern Europe that the [[Member state of the European Union|EU membership]] perspective had a huge anchoring effects for [[Enlargement of the European Union|the new democracies]]."<ref name=":22">{{Cite book|last=Risse|first=Thomas|url=https://archive.org/details/promotingdemocra00mage|title=Promoting Democracy and the Rule of Law: American and European Strategies |date=2009 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|isbn=978-0-230-24452-8|editor-last=Magen|editor-first=Amichai|series=Governance and Limited Statehood Series|pages=[https://archive.org/details/promotingdemocra00mage/page/n262 244]–271|chapter=Conclusions: Towards Transatlantic Democracy Promotion? |doi=10.1057/9780230244528_9|editor2-last=Risse|editor2-first=Thomas|editor3-last=McFaul|editor3-first=Michael A.|url-access=limited}}</ref> Scholars have also linked [[NATO expansion]] with playing a role in democratization.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Poast|first1=Paul|last2=Chinchilla|first2=Alexandra|date=2020|title=Good for democracy? Evidence from the 2004 NATO expansion|journal=International Politics|volume=57|issue=3|pages=471–490|doi=10.1057/s41311-020-00236-6|issn=1740-3898|s2cid=219012478}}</ref> international forces can significantly affect democratization. Global forces like the diffusion of democratic ideas and pressure from international financial institutions to democratize have led to democratization.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Geddes |first1=Barbara |title=The Oxford Handbook of Political Science |chapter=What Causes Democratization |date=7 July 2011 |pages=593–615 |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199604456.013.0029|isbn=978-0-19-960445-6 }}</ref>