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Simulation
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==Historical usage== Historically, the word had negative connotations: {{blockquote|text=...therefore a general custom of simulation (which is this last degree) is a vice, using either of a natural falseness or fearfulness...|sign=[[Francis Bacon]]|source=Of Simulation and Dissimulation, 1597}} {{blockquote|text=...for Distinction Sake, a Deceiving by Words, is commonly called a Lye, and a Deceiving by Actions, Gestures, or Behavior, is called Simulation...|sign=[[Robert South]]|source=South, 1697, p.525}} However, the connection between simulation and [[dissembling]] later faded out and is now only of linguistic interest.<ref>South, in the passage quoted, was speaking of the differences between a falsehood and an honestly mistaken statement; the difference being that for the statement to be a [[lie]] the [[truth]] must be known, and the opposite of the truth must have been knowingly uttered. And, from this, to the extent to which a ''lie'' involves deceptive ''words'', a ''simulation'' involves deceptive ''actions'', deceptive ''gestures'', or deceptive ''behavior''. Thus, it would seem, if a simulation is ''false'', then the truth must be known (for ''something other than the truth'' to be presented in its stead); and, for the ''simulation'' to ''simulate''. Because, otherwise, one would not know what to offer up in a simulation. Bacon's essay ''[[s:The Works of Francis Bacon, Volume 1/Essays/Of Simulation and Dissimulation|Of Simulation and Dissimulation]]'' expresses somewhat similar views. [[Samuel Johnson]] thought so highly of South's definition, that he used it in the entry for simulation in his ''[[A Dictionary of the English Language|Dictionary of the English Language]]''.</ref>
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