Editing Artificial intelligence (section)

== Future ==
=== Superintelligence and the singularity ===<!--SUPERINTELLIGENCE-->

A [[superintelligence]] is a hypothetical agent that would possess intelligence far surpassing that of the brightest and most gifted human mind.{{Sfnp|Roberts|2016}}<!--SINGULARITY--> If research into [[artificial general intelligence]] produced sufficiently intelligent software, it might be able to [[Recursive self-improvement|reprogram and improve itself]]. The improved software would be even better at improving itself, leading to what [[I. J. Good]] called an "[[intelligence explosion]]" and [[Vernor Vinge]] called a "[[Technological singularity|singularity]]".<ref>The [[Intelligence explosion]] and [[technological singularity]]: {{Harvtxt|Russell|Norvig|2021|pp=1004–1005}}, {{Harvtxt|Omohundro|2008}}, {{Harvtxt|Kurzweil|2005}}

[[I. J. Good]]'s "intelligence explosion": {{Harvtxt|Good|1965}}

[[Vernor Vinge]]'s "singularity": {{Harvtxt|Vinge|1993}}</ref><!--ANTI-SINGULARITIANISM-->

However, technologies cannot improve exponentially indefinitely, and typically follow an [[S-shaped curve]], slowing when they reach the physical limits of what the technology can do.{{Sfnp|Russell|Norvig|2021|p=1005}}

=== Transhumanism ===
{{Main|Transhumanism}}
<!-- TRANSHUMANISM -->
Robot designer [[Hans Moravec]], cyberneticist [[Kevin Warwick]] and inventor [[Ray Kurzweil]] have predicted that humans and machines may merge in the future into [[cyborg]]s that are more capable and powerful than either. This idea, called transhumanism, has roots in the writings of [[Aldous Huxley]] and [[Robert Ettinger]].<ref>[[Transhumanism]]: {{Harvtxt|Moravec|1988}}, {{Harvtxt|Kurzweil|2005}}, {{Harvtxt|Russell|Norvig|2021|p=1005}}</ref>

<!-- EVOLUTION / HUMAN REPLACEMENT -->
[[Edward Fredkin]] argues that "artificial intelligence is the next step in evolution", an idea first proposed by [[Samuel Butler (novelist)|Samuel Butler]]'s "[[Darwin among the Machines]]" as far back as 1863, and expanded upon by [[George Dyson (science historian)|George Dyson]] in his 1998 book ''[[Darwin Among the Machines#Evolution of Global Intelligence|Darwin Among the Machines: The Evolution of Global Intelligence]]''.<ref>AI as evolution: [[Edward Fredkin]] is quoted in {{Harvtxt|McCorduck|2004|p=401}}, {{Harvtxt|Butler|1863}}, {{Harvtxt|Dyson|1998}}</ref>