Editing 1853 in science (section)

==Technology==
* [[Eugenio Barsanti]] and [[Felice Matteucci]] first develop the [[Barsanti-Matteucci engine]], an [[History of the internal combustion engine|internal combustion engine]] using the free-piston principle.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Historical Documents|work=Barsanti e Matteucci|publisher=Fondazione Barsanti & Matteucci|year=2009|url=http://www.barsantiematteucci.it/inglese/documentiStorici.html|accessdate=2013-11-01|archive-date=2017-02-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170225042248/http://www.barsantiematteucci.it/inglese/documentiStorici.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=FICE>{{cite book|author-last=Ricci|author-first=G.|chapter=The First Internal Combustion Engine|title=The Piston Engine Revolution|editor1-last=Starr|editor1-first=F.|editor2-last=Marshall|editor2-first=E.L.|editor3-last=Lawton|editor3-first=B.|location=London|publisher=[[Newcomen Society]]|year=2012|isbn=978-0-904685-15-2|pages=23-44}}</ref>
* Sir [[George Cayley]] builds and demonstrates the first heavier-than-air aircraft (a [[Glider aircraft|glider]]).