Editing Active site (section)

==Catalytic site==
{{Main|Enzyme catalysis}}
{{See also|Catalytic triad}}
[[File:Catalytic triad of TEV protease.png|thumb|300px|The enzyme [[TEV protease]]<!--{{efn|name=TEV}}--> contains a [[catalytic triad]] of residues (red) in its catalytic site. The [[Substrate (chemistry)|substrate]] (black) is bound by the [[binding site]] to orient it next to the triad. {{PDB|1lvm}}]]

Once the substrate is bound and oriented to the active site, [[enzyme catalysis|catalysis]] can begin. The residues of the catalytic site are typically very close to the binding site, and some residues can have dual-roles in both binding and catalysis.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}

'''Catalytic residues''' of the site interact with the substrate to lower the [[activation energy]] of a reaction and thereby make it proceed [[enzyme kinetics|faster]]. They do this by a number of different mechanisms including the approximation of the reactants, nucleophilic/electrophilic catalysis and acid/base catalysis. These mechanisms will be explained below.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}