Editing Appeal to emotion (section)

====Fear and anxiety====
The only widely studied emotion, with respect to persuasion, is [[fear]]. Fear has been found to force individuals "to break from routine and pay close attention to the external world," including persuasive messages. Moreover, fear has been found to encourage political engagement:
::"people are demonstrably more likely to engage in the political realm when they are anxious about the candidates. Uneasiness about the available political choices leads people to pay closer attention to the political environment. [...] people learn more about the candidates (that is they acquire new and accurate knowledge) when they are anxious but not when they are enthusiastic about those candidates who dominate the political field."<ref>George Marcus, Russell Neuman and Michael Mackuen, ''Affective Intelligence and Political Judgment'', University of Chicago Press, 2000, p. 128.</ref>

More generally, "fear is associated with both attitude and behavior change."<ref name=Nabi292>Robin L. Nabi, "Discrete Emotions and Persuasion," in "Persuasion and the Structure of Affect", ''The Persuasion Handbook'', Sage Publishing, p. 292.</ref> However, "four variables that may interact to influence processing depth of a fear-inducing message: (a) type of fear (chronic vs. acute), (b) expectation of a message containing reassuring information, (c) type of behavior advocated (e.g., disease detection vs. health promotion), and (d) issue familiarity."<ref name=Nabi292/>