Editing BAE Systems Hawk (section)

===United Kingdom===
[[File:British Aerospace Hawk T1A, UK - Air Force AN1517250.jpg|thumb|Hawk T.1A of [[No. 234 Squadron RAF|234 Squadron]], armed with a pair of [[AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9L Sidewinder]] missiles and a 30mm [[gun pod]]]]

The Hawk entered RAF service in April 1976, replacing the [[Folland Gnat]] and [[Hawker Hunter]] for advanced training and weapons training. The ''Hawk T1'' was the original version used by the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]], deliveries commencing in November 1976. The most famous users of the Hawk are the [[Red Arrows]] aerobatic team, who adopted the plane in 1979.<ref>[http://www.raf.mod.uk/reds/behindthescenes/teamhistory.cfm "RAF Red Arrows – Team History."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110405230743/http://www.raf.mod.uk/reds/behindthescenes/teamhistory.cfm |date=5 April 2011 }} ''Royal Air Force'', Retrieved: 25 August 2012.</ref>

From 1983 to 1986, some Hawks were equipped as short-range [[interceptor aircraft]]. 88 T1s were modified to carry two [[AIM-9 Sidewinder|AIM-9L Sidewinder]] air-to-air missiles in addition to a 30&nbsp;mm ADEN cannon [[gun pod]]; these aircraft were redesignated as ''Hawk T1A''.<ref name="Polmar Bell 388"/> In a wartime scenario, they would have worked in collaboration with the RAF's [[Panavia Tornado ADV|Tornado F3]] interceptors, which would use their [[AI.24 Foxhunter|Foxhunter]] search [[radar]]s and more sophisticated navigation systems to vector the Hawks against enemy targets.<ref>''Jane's Defence Weekly'', 1986. pp. 395–400.</ref>
[[File:Hawk.t1a.xx159.arp.jpg|thumb|left|RAF Hawk T1A, marking the 85th anniversary of No. 4 Flying Training School]]

The Hawk subsequently replaced the [[English Electric Canberra]] for [[target tug|target towing]] duties. The [[Royal Navy]] acquired a dozen Hawk T1/1As from the RAF; these are typically operated in a support role, often to conduct simulated combat training on board ships.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8034466.stm "Inside a Navy Hawk fighter jet."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509233940/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/8034466.stm |date=9 May 2009 }} ''BBC News'', 6 May 2009.</ref>

During the 1990s and 2000s, 80 Hawk T1/1A aircraft were upgraded under the Fuselage Replacement Programme (FRP) to extend their operational lifespan; sections of the centre and rear fuselage sections were entirely replaced.<ref>Gething, Michael J. "RAF Hawk FRP Moves Onwards." ''Jane's Defence Upgrades'', 1 April 2003.</ref> In 2009, the RAF began receiving the first Hawk T2, in the long term, T2 aircraft will replace the ageing T1s.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=RAF accepts first Hawk T2s but others head for storage |magazine=[[Flight International]] |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/02/26/323076/raf-accepts-first-hawk-t2s-but-others-head-for-storage.html |date=26 February 2009 |access-date=6 September 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101216080402/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/02/26/323076/raf-accepts-first-hawk-t2s-but-others-head-for-storage.html |archive-date=16 December 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> Training operations on the Hawk T2 began in April 2012.<ref>Hoyle, Craig. [http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/uk-ready-to-launch-hawk-t2-training-says-raf-369554/ "UK ready to launch Hawk T2 training, says RAF."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120613174044/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/uk-ready-to-launch-hawk-t2-training-says-raf-369554/ |date=13 June 2012 }} ''Flight International'', 15 March 2012.</ref>

In August 2011, a [[Red Arrows]] pilot was killed when his Hawk T1 crashed following a display at the Bournemouth Air Festival; the inquest found "G-force impairment" may have caused the pilot to lose control.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14608073 |title=Tributes paid to Red Arrows crash pilot Jon Egging |access-date=22 August 2011 |work=BBC Online |date=21 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018060525/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14608073 |archive-date=18 October 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>  The Hawk T1 fleet was grounded as a precautionary measure and returned to flight status a few days later.<ref>[http://www.defencemanagement.com/news_story.asp?id=17273 "RAF Hawk jets cleared to fly again."] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130121154908/http://www.defencemanagement.com/news_story.asp?id=17273 |date=21 January 2013 }} ''Defence Management'', 26 August 2011.</ref> 
[[File:Red.arrows.single.arp.750pix.jpg|thumb|Royal Air Force Aerobatic Team "[[Red Arrows]]" Hawk T1]]

In November 2011, the Red Arrows suffered another pilot fatality when the [[Martin-Baker Mk.10]] ejection seat fitted to the Hawk T1 activated while the aircraft was stationary; the veteran combat pilot died on ground impact when the ejector seat parachute also failed to deploy.<ref name="BBCNRA1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lincolnshire-15835411 |title=BBC News Lincolnshire, Inquest hears Red Arrows pilot died from fall injuries |access-date=20 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018060525/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lincolnshire-15835411 |archive-date=18 October 2015 |url-status=live |work=BBC News |date=22 November 2011 }}</ref> This resulted in the UK Ministry of Defence implementing a ban on non-essential flying in aircraft fitted with ejector seats similar to those fitted in the Hawk T1 after the death.<ref name="BBCNRA1" /> The ban was lifted for Tornado attack jets but remained on Hawk T1, Hawk T2 and Tucano flights while the RAF reviewed evidence on those aircraft.<ref name="BBCNRA1" />

In October 2017, the RAF and Royal Navy operated 75 Hawk T1 and 28 Hawk T2. According to the Ministry of Defence, the planned out-of-service date for the Hawk T1 was 2030, with the aircraft selected to meet the requirements of the [[Air Support to Defence Operational Training]] (ASDOT) programme beginning to replace the Hawk from 2027.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2017-10-16/107748|title=Hawk Aircraft:Written question – 107748|date=23 October 2017|website=UK Parliament|language=en|access-date=26 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171027025522/http://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/written-questions-answers-statements/written-question/Commons/2017-10-16/107748|archive-date=27 October 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> However, in July 2021, it was announced that all UK military units operating the Hawk T1 aircraft, apart from the Red Arrows, would see their airframes retired by 31 March 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sedgwick |first1=Philip |title=RAF workhorse Hawk T1s to go into early retirement |url=https://www.darlingtonandstocktontimes.co.uk/news/19449244.raf-workhorse-hawk-t1s-go-early-retirement/ |access-date=23 July 2021 |work=Darlington and Stockton Times |date=17 July 2021}}</ref>