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Bearded seal
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==Conservation status== On March 28, 2008, the U.S. [[National Marine Fisheries Service]] initiated a status review<ref>[http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/pdfs/fr/fr73-16617-ribbonseal.pdf Federal Register /Vol. 73, No. 61 / March 28, 2008 / Proposed Rules]. National Marine Fisheries Service</ref> under the [[Endangered Species Act]] (ESA) to determine if listing this species under the ESA is warranted. All bearded seals are protected under the [[Marine Mammal Protection Act]], and determined by the [[International Union for Conservation of Nature|IUCN]] to be classified as a "least concern" for extinction.<ref name="iucn status 12 November 2021" /> This classification was determined due to various factors including, widespread distribution, stable population size, as well as alternating prey resources. [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]] determined that the factors influencing any change in conservancy status of the bearded seal may include: loss of sea ice by climate change, [[bycatch]] from commercial fishing gear, and hunting.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/bearded-seal|title=Bearded Seal {{!}} NOAA Fisheries|last=Fisheries|first=NOAA|date=2018-05-24|website=www.fisheries.noaa.gov|language=EN-US|access-date=2018-06-06}}</ref> Their main predators include [[polar bear]]s; however, typically pups around age 2 are attacked within birthing lairs, leaving older juveniles and adults commonly unharmed.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Canadian Science Publishing|doi=10.1139/z80-302 | volume=58 | year=1980|journal=Canadian Journal of Zoology|pages=2201β2209 | last1 = Smith | first1 = Thomas G.}}</ref> Due to climate change, factors such as loss of sea ice, as well as decrease in prey population may create negative results on the bearded seal population in the future. Therefore, monitoring of the species as well as influences of human activity, will be vital to ensure species stability.
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