Editing Buffer state (section)

===Europe===
*  [[Principality of Transylvania (1570-1711)|Principality of Transylvania]] was a buffer state between [[Ottoman Empire]] and [[Habsburg Empire]] until the [[Treaty of Karlowitz]] was signed.<ref>Ingrao, C. (2022). The Habsburg Empire under siege: Ottoman expansion and Hungarian revolt in the age of Grand Vizier Ahmed Köprülü (1661–76): by Georg B. Michels, Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2021, x + 603 pp., $85.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-228-00575-9. Canadian Slavonic Papers, 64(2–3), 386–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/00085006.2022.2105507</ref>
* {{Flagicon|Switzerland}} [[Switzerland]] has been a buffer state between [[Italy]], [[Austria]], [[France]], [[Germany]], and other state powers in medieval and modern Europe.
* {{Flagicon|Netherlands}} [[United Kingdom of the Netherlands|The United Kingdom of the Netherlands]], composed of today's [[Belgium]] and [[Netherlands]], was created by the [[Congress of Vienna]] in 1815 to maintain peace between [[Kingdom of France|France]], [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]], and the [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]]. The kingdom existed for 15 years until the [[Belgian Revolution]].
* {{Flagicon|Belgium}} [[Belgium]] acted as buffer state between [[French Third Republic|France]], the [[German Empire]], the [[Netherlands]], and the British Empire before the [[World War I|First World War]].
* The [[Rhineland]] served as a [[demilitarized zone|demilitarised zone]] between France and [[Weimar Republic|Germany]] during the [[Interwar period|interwar]] years of the 1920s and early 1930s. There were early French attempts at creating a [[Rhenish Republic]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=27 August 1923 |title=THE RUHR: Rhineland Republic? |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,716441,00.html |access-date=12 March 2017 |magazine=Time}}</ref>
* The [[Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia]] was founded as a buffer state between Soviet Russia and the European powers.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Andrew Wilson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jZJntMQtkSYC&q=Belarus%20map%201945&pg=PA96 |title=Belarus: The Last European Dictatorship |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-300-13435-3 |pages=96–97| publisher=Yale University Press }}</ref>
* The [[Qasim Khanate]] (1452–1681) may have served as a buffer between [[Principality of Moscow|Muscovy]] and the [[Khanate of Kazan|Kazan Khanate]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Witzenrath |first=Christoph |title=Eurasian Slavery, Ransom and Abolition in World History, 1200–1860 |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781317140023 |page=198}}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|Austria}} [[First Austrian Republic|Austria]] acted as a buffer state between Germany and [[Fascist Italy|Italy]] during [[Austria#Interwar period and World War II|the interwar period]].
* {{Flagicon|Second Polish Republic}} [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]] and other states between Germany and the Soviet Union have sometimes been described as buffer states, both as non-communist states before [[World War II]]<ref name="Suvarov01a">{{Cite book |last=Suvorov, Viktor |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EYA4AAAAQBAJ&q=buffer+state&pg=142 |title=The Chief Culprit: Stalin's Grand Design to Start World War II |date=2013 |publisher=[[Naval Institute Press]] |isbn=9781612512686 |page=142 |quote=Chapter 25: Destruction of the Buffer States between Germany and the Soviet Union. |access-date=1 January 2015}}</ref> and later as [[communist state]]s of the [[Eastern Bloc]].<ref name="Stent01a">{{Cite web |last=Stent, Angela E. |author-link=Angela Stent |date=1998 |title=Russia and Germany Reborn: Unification, the Soviet Collapse, and the New Europe |url=http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s6426.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141018171556/http://press.princeton.edu/chapters/s6426.html |archive-date=18 October 2014 |access-date=1 January 2015 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |quote=Moscow's German Problem before Detente – The Federal Republic – In 1945, the major Soviet preoccupation was to prevent any future German attack; hence the imposition of Soviet-controlled governments in a ring of buffer states between Germany and the USSR.}}</ref>
* {{Flagicon|Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia}} [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]], which [[Tito–Stalin split|broke with the Soviet Union]] before the formation of the [[Warsaw Pact]], became a buffer state between [[NATO]] and the Eastern Bloc during the [[Cold War]].
* {{Flagicon|West Germany}} [[West Germany]] and {{Flagicon|East Germany}} [[East Germany]] were also regarded as buffer states between NATO and the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War in Europe.
* During the Cold War, {{Flagicon|Sweden}} [[Sweden]] and {{Flagicon|Finland}} [[Finland]] were sometimes regarded as buffer states between NATO and the Soviet Union.{{By whom|date=November 2023}} More recently, the [[Russo-Ukrainian War]] has helped push both countries into joining NATO.
* {{Flagicon|Cyprus}} [[Cyprus]] was instaured as an buffer state in 1960 as a form to avoid the risk of a war for the island control between [[Greece]] and [[Turkey]].